Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 6bCP
Compare the transport of
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Compare the transport of Na+, Cl−, and water across the walls of the proximal tubule, ascending and descending limbs of the nephron loop, and collecting duct.
Match the structure of the nephron to its primary function.
Renal corpuscle
Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct
responsible for size-selective filtration of the blood
responsible for active transport and reabsorption of ions and
nutrients as well as the reabsorption of water
may or may not reabsorb sodium ions depending on the
presence or absence of the hormone aldosterone.
establishes a strong osmotic gradient allowing the
reabsorption of water, sodium ions, and chloride ions.
regulates reabsorption of water in response to the presence of
ADH & secretes urea into the interstitial fluid to maintain the
osmotic gradient of the medulla.
Diagram the anatomic relationship between the peritubular capillaries/ vasa recta and tubular elements of the nephron.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 17 - Describe the "theme" of kidney function in a...Ch. 17 - Draw and label the tubular components of a nephron...Ch. 17 - Trace the course of tubular fluid from the...Ch. 17 - Trace the course of blood flow through the kidney...Ch. 17 - Describe the structures that plasma fluid must...Ch. 17 - Describe the forces that affect the formation of...Ch. 17 - Explain the significance of the glomerular...Ch. 17 - Prob. 5bCPCh. 17 - Describe the mechanisms for salt and water...Ch. 17 - Compare the transport of and water across the...
Ch. 17 - Describe the interaction between the ascending and...Ch. 17 - Explain how ADH helps the body conserve water. How...Ch. 17 - Define renal plasma clearance and describe how...Ch. 17 - Define the terms reabsorption and secretion. Using...Ch. 17 - Explain why the total renal blood flow can be...Ch. 17 - Define transport maximum and renal plasma...Ch. 17 - Describe the effects of aldosterone on the renal...Ch. 17 - Prob. 11bCPCh. 17 - Explain the mechanisms by which the cortical...Ch. 17 - Explain how the kidneys reabsorb filtered...Ch. 17 - Suppose a person with diabetes mellitus had an...Ch. 17 - List the different categories of clinical...Ch. 17 - Explain why most diuretics can cause excessive...Ch. 17 - Define uremia and discuss the dangers associated...Ch. 17 - Which of these statements about the renal pyramids...Ch. 17 - Match the following items:
Active transport of...Ch. 17 - Match the following items:
Active transport of...Ch. 17 - Match the following items:
Passively permeable to...Ch. 17 - Match the following items:
Passively permeable to...Ch. 17 - Antidiuretic hormone promotes the retention of...Ch. 17 - Aldosterone stimulates sodium reabsorption and...Ch. 17 - Substance X has a clearance greater than zero but...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9RACh. 17 - About of the glomerular ultrafiltrate is...Ch. 17 - Diuretic drugs that act in the nephron loop...Ch. 17 - The appearance of glucose in the urine a. occurs...Ch. 17 - Reabsorption of water through the tubules occurs...Ch. 17 - Which of these factors oppose(s) filtration from...Ch. 17 - The countercurrent exchange in the vasa recta...Ch. 17 - The kidneys help to maintain acid-base balance...Ch. 17 - Scientists currently believe that the main barrier...Ch. 17 - A drug that blocks the action of the organic anion...Ch. 17 - Explain how glomerular ultra filtrate is produced...Ch. 17 - Describe the transport properties of the nephron...Ch. 17 - Prob. 21RACh. 17 - Prob. 22RACh. 17 - Prob. 23RACh. 17 - Prob. 24RACh. 17 - Identify where secretion occurs in the nephron,...Ch. 17 - Which diuretic drugs do not produce hypokalemia?...Ch. 17 - Prob. 27RACh. 17 - Prob. 28RACh. 17 - Prob. 29RACh. 17 - Prob. 30RACh. 17 - Prob. 31RACh. 17 - Prob. 32RACh. 17 - s Suppose a woman with a family history of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 34RACh. 17 - Prob. 35RACh. 17 - Prob. 36RACh. 17 - Prob. 37RACh. 17 - Prob. 38RACh. 17 - Prob. 39RACh. 17 - Prob. 40RACh. 17 - Prob. 41RACh. 17 - Prob. 42RA
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- As the text noted, two-thirds of the water and solutes that the body reclaims by reabsorption in nephrons occurs in the proximal tubule. Proximal tubule cells have large numbers of mitochondria and demand a great deal of oxygen. Explain why.arrow_forwardFigure 41.6 Which of the following statements about the nephron is false? The collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule. The Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerulus. The loop of Henle is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The loop of Henle empties into the distal convoluted tubule.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forward
- Describe the special characteristics of the descending and ascending limbs of the nephron loop that cause the formation of the medullary osmotic gradient.arrow_forwardDescribe the countercurrent multiplier mechanism in terms of the permeabilities of the different parts of the nephron and collecting system structures, and indicate the end result of functioning of the countercurrent multiplier. Describe the countercurrent exchanger mechanism.arrow_forwardCompare the important physiological functions of the capillaries arising from the efferent arterioles of cortical nephrons to those arising from the efferent arterioles of juxtamedullary nephrons.arrow_forward
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