The countercurrent exchange in the vasa recta
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Human Physiology
- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardWhich is the correct answer for kidney from the following statement(s)? Local production of prostaglandin in kidney protects kidney from ischemic injury. a. Sympathetic stimulation has no effect on afferent and efferent arterioles so that kidney is protected from undergoing ischemia. b. Kidney is vulnerable to ischemic injury. C. d. NSAID inhibits production of angiotensin I. Only (a) and (c) are CORRECT e.arrow_forwardBoth ADH and aldosterone act to a.increase urine volume. b.increase blood volume. c.increase total peripheral resistance. d.produce all of these effects.arrow_forward
- Which of the following changes will occur as a result of elevated mean arterial blood pressure? Answers A - E A Increased resistance of the efferent arteriole B Decreased NaCl excretion C Docreased renin release D The macula densa will stimulate the juxtaglomerular cells E Increased aldosterone releasearrow_forwardHypertension is likely to increase the secretion ofa. natriuretic peptide.b. antidiuretic hormone.c. bicarbonate ions.d. aldosterone.e. ammoniaarrow_forwardWater leaves the renal tubule bya. active transport. d. facilitated diffusion.b. filtration into the capillary network. e. symport.c. osmosis.arrow_forward
- A patient has an ADH-secreting pulmonary carcinoma (syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion). As a result of unregulated ADH secretion, you would expect to find: a. retention of water resulting in volume expansion b. low urinary osmolality c. increased renal sodium reabsorption d. high serum sodium concentration e. b and c A 25-year old woman develops a nonfunctional hypothalamic tumor that results in a complete inability to produce oxytocin. The most likely pathological response to this deficiency is: a. inability to ovulate b. amenorrhea c. hypertension d. inability to lactate normally e. inability to deliver a child vaginallyarrow_forwardJuxtaglomerular cells are involved in the secretion ofa. ADH. c. aldosterone.b. angiotensin. d. reninarrow_forwardThe major action of ADH in the kidneys is to:a. increase water absorption by the proximal convoluted tubule.b. increase glomerular filtration rate.c. increase water reabsorption by the collecting duct.d. increase potassium’s excretion.arrow_forward
- which of the following is a response to the release of antidiuretic hormone? a. urine volume increases b. positive feedback occurs leading to the release of more ADH c. water reabsorption increases at the collecting duct d. blood osmolarity increasesarrow_forwardIf the tubular maximum is exceeded, then a. the carrier mechanism will work harder. b. the excess will be reabsorbed in the bladder. c. the excess will appear in the urine. d. its blood concentration will increase.arrow_forwardWhich of these mechanisms is the most important for regulatingblood osmolality?a. ADH c. ANHb. renin-angiotensin-aldosterone d. PTHarrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning