Chapter 16, Problem 94A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given chemical equation needs to be balanced.

$\text{Sn}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{NaOH}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SnO}}_{\text{2}}\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left side of the equation and the product is written on the right side. The product and the reactants contain an arrow between them showing the proceeding of the reaction from the reactants to the products.

Answer to Problem 94A

The balanced chemical equation is,

$\text{Sn}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}2\text{NaOH}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SnO}}_{\text{2}}\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

The given skeletal equation is,

$\text{Sn}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{NaOH}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SnO}}_{\text{2}}\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$

To balance a chemical equation, the number of each element on the right-hand side and on the left-hand side of the equation must be equal.

In this reaction, in order to balance the number of elements we will add a coefficient 2 with $\text{NaOH}$. The number of H atom, Sn, O and Na will hence be balanced.

Therefore, the balanced chemical equation is,

$\text{Sn}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}2\text{NaOH}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SnO}}_{\text{2}}\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given chemical equation needs to be balanced.

${\text{C}}_{\text{8}}{\text{H}}_{\text{18}}\left(\text{l}\right)\text{+}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left side of the equation and the product is written on the right side. The product and the reactants contain an arrow between them showing the proceeding of the reaction from the reactants to the products.

Answer to Problem 94A

The balanced chemical equation is,

${\text{C}}_{\text{8}}{\text{H}}_{\text{18}}\left(\text{l}\right)\text{+}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\to 8{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The given skeletal equation is,

${\text{C}}_{\text{8}}{\text{H}}_{\text{18}}\left(\text{l}\right)\text{+}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)$

To balance a chemical equation, the number of each element on the right-hand side and on the left-hand side of the equation must be equal.

In this reaction, in order to balance the number of elements we will add a coefficient 2 with ${\text{C}}_{\text{8}}{\text{H}}_{\text{18}}$, 25 with ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$, 16 with ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}$ and 18 with ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$. The number of C, O, H will hence be balanced.

Therefore, the balanced chemical equation is,

${\text{2C}}_{\text{8}}{\text{H}}_{\text{18}}\left(\text{l}\right)\text{+}25{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\to 16{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}18{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given chemical equation needs to be balanced.

$\text{Al}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)$

Concept introduction:

In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left side of the equation and the product is written on the right side. The product and the reactants contain an arrow between them showing the proceeding of the reaction from the reactants to the products.

Answer to Problem 94A

The balanced chemical equation is,

$\text{2Al}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The given skeletal equation is,

$\text{Al}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)$

To balance a chemical equation, the number of each element on the right-hand side and on the left-hand side of the equation must be equal.

In this reaction, in order to balance the number of elements we will add a coefficient 2 with $\text{Al}$, 3 ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$ on the right side. The number of Al, H, S and O will hence be balanced.

Therefore, the balanced chemical equation is,

$\text{2Al}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to {\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)$