(a)
Interpretation:
Whether carbon dioxide can be used to interpret alcoholic fermentation should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Alcoholic fermentation is the anaerobic pathway, which uses sugar such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose to convert into alcohol and carbon dioxides. During this process energy is released in the form of ATP. Overall in this process, 2 moles of glucose are converted to 2 moles of ethanol and 2 mole of carbon dioxide, yielding 2 moles of ATP.
(b)
Interpretation:
The reason of dependence of glucose fermentation on phosphate is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Alcoholic fermentation is the anaerobic pathway, which uses sugar such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose to convert into alcohol and carbon dioxides. During this process energy is released in the form of ATP. Overall in this process, 2 moles of glucose are converted to 2 moles of ethanol and 2 mole of carbon dioxide, yielding 2 moles of ATP.
(c)
Interpretation:
The reason why more phosphate can lead to more yield of carbon dioxide during alcohol fermentation is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Alcoholic fermentation is the anaerobic pathway, which uses sugar such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose to convert into alcohol and carbon dioxides. During this process energy is released in the form of ATP. Overall in this process, 2 moles of glucose are converted to 2 moles of ethanol and 2 mole of carbon dioxide, yielding 2 moles of ATP.
(d)
Interpretation:
The ratio of carbon dioxide to phosphate during fermentation is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Alcoholic fermentation is the anaerobic pathway, which uses sugar such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose to convert into alcohol and carbon dioxides. During this process, energy is released in the form of ATP. Overall in this process, 2 moles of glucose are converted to 2 moles of ethanol and 2 mole of carbon dioxide, yielding 2 moles of ATP.
(e)
Interpretation:
The hexose bisphosphate compound accumulated when fermentation is stopped.
Concept introduction:
Alcoholic fermentation is the anaerobic pathway, which uses sugar such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose to convert into alcohol and carbon dioxides. During this process, energy is released in the form of ATP. Overall in this process, 2 moles of glucose are converted to 2 moles of ethanol and 2 mole of carbon dioxide, yielding 2 moles of ATP.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biochemistry
- a. Use the values in Problem 23.31 to calculate the energy change in the following reaction. fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADP--------> fructose 6-phosphate + ATP b. Is this reaction energetically favorable or unfavorable? c. Write this reaction using curved arrow symbolism. d. Can this reaction be used to synthesize ATP from ADP? Explain.arrow_forwardEnzymes catalyze chemical reactions. What constitutes the active site of an enzyme? What are the turnover number (kcat), the Michaelis constant (Km), and the maximal velocity (Vmax) of an enzyme? The kcat (catalytic rate constant) for carbonic anhydrase is 5 × 105 molecules per second. This is a “rate constant,” but not a “rate.” What is the difference? By what oncentration would you multiply this rate constant in order to determine an actual rate of prod- uct formation (V)? Under what circumstances would this rate become equal to the maximal velocity (Vmax) of the enzyme?arrow_forwardI. ATP Calculation A. Given that three molecules of glucose underwent full oxidation, how many of the following is produced in each phase? Show your solutions. Glycolysis NADH FADH₂ ATP NADH FADH2 A B C ATP (Substrate Level) SUM TOTAL J K D E [1] F Pyruvate Oxidation F If this happens in the liver, how many ATPs will be synthesized if all NADH and FADH₂ entered ETC.. Total number L M N G H I O Kreb's Cycle ATP Producedarrow_forward
- Fill in the blanks.: Write Cif only statement A is correct, Hif only statement B is correct, E if both statements are correct, M if both statements are incorrect. A. An enzyme catalyzes a reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway that has a lower energy of activation. B. The enthalpy of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction decreases significantly as compared to the uncatalyzed reaction.arrow_forwardIn full details. Define 'activation energy' of an enzyme catalysed single substrate reaction and mention the effects of an enzyme on this energy.arrow_forwardMetabolic pathway characteristics: a. Give one example of an amphibolic pathway. b. What characteristic(s) of this pathways make it amphibolic? c. Provide two specific examples of the fate of a metabolite in the pathway as support for your answer in (b). ***please help with this hw problem!!!***arrow_forward
- BIOCHEMISTRY. Could glycerol be used to regenerate the OAA for maintenance of TCA cycle activity? Yes or No? Explain.arrow_forwarda.Write the balanced reactions catalyzed by complex I, II, III, and 1V, and using these, write the balanced net reaction for the electron transport chain. Structures are not necessary. b. Write the balanced reaction for the ATP synthase reaction. c. Write the net reaction for Oxidative phosphorylation showing the ATP produced from NADH oxidation and FADH2 oxidation. (this is in your text) d. Write the balanced reaction for ATP production by aerobic metabolism starting with glucose.arrow_forwardPlease ASA. Thanku. In the reaction Na + Cl à Na+ + Cl-, which component is said to become ‘oxidized’ and which is considered reduced? Na, Cl Cl, Cl Na, Na Cl, Naarrow_forward
- Worksheet on Computation of ATP yield from Fatty acid metabolism. Consider docosanoic acid, C21H43CO2H a. Label alpha (a) and beta ( B) carbons b. Draw the acyl COA derived from this fatty acid c. How many acetyl CoA molecules are formed by complete B-oxidation? d. How many cycles of B- oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complex catabolism of this fatty acid.arrow_forwardOd. Vitamin B2 s page Hexokinase catalyzes phosphorylation of glucose to clucose-6-phosphate, where ATP is used as a donor of phosphate group, this an example of: Select one: NAVIGATION a. Oxidoreductase b. Ligase c. Lyase d. Transferase Next pagearrow_forwardSaccharides: Using the following substrates, estimate the net ATP yield after glycolytic pathway, Kreb’s cycle and electron transport chain. Assume that the estimate for ATP yield per mole of NADH is 3 moles of ATP, while 1 mole of FADH2 is equivalent to 2 moles of ATP, and one mole of GTP is equivalent to one mole of ATP. Show all pertinent solutions and determine: a) ATP used, b) ATP produced, and c) Net ATP. Based on your solutions, rank the substrates based on increasing yield of ATP Two moles of fructose-1,6-biphosphatearrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781319114671Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.Publisher:W. H. FreemanLehninger Principles of BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781464126116Author:David L. Nelson, Michael M. CoxPublisher:W. H. FreemanFundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul...BiochemistryISBN:9781118918401Author:Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. PrattPublisher:WILEY
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage LearningBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ...BiochemistryISBN:9780134015187Author:John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. PetersonPublisher:PEARSON