(a)
Interpretation:
The difference between the phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity in P. Furiosus and other animals should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Phosphofructokinase is an allosteric enzyme which converts fructose-1-phopshate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. It acts as a regulatory enzyme in the glycolysis process. High ATP concentration inside the cell inhibits the activity of PFK.
(b)
Interpretation:
Effect of ATP and AMP on ADP should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Phosphofructokinase is an allosteric enzyme which converts fructose-1-phopshate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. It acts as a regulatory enzyme in the glycolysis process. High ATP concentration inside the cell inhibits the activity of PFK.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Biochemistry
- Describe the mechanism of a-chymotrypsin. Explain the roles of constituents of the catalytic triad, their modes of catalysis, and the significance of the oxyanion hole in the catalysis.arrow_forwardNeed help Sesamin is one of the major lignans found in sesame oil. Sesamin-metabolic pathways remain uncharacterized at both the enzyme and gene levels. However, one microorganism showed significant sesamin-degrading activity and was identified as Sinomonas sp. no. 22. A sesamin- metabolizing enzyme named SesA was purified from this strain and characterized. Explain how sesamin methylene transferase was identified and characterized and explain the mechanism. Based on your knowledge, what other assays could be run to characterize this enzyme?arrow_forwardQuestion #1: Choanoflagelletes are a unicellular ancestor to animals. One observation to support this hypothesis is the appearance of adhesion molecules that are key to the development of multiceullarity. Bulk transport Gap junctions Animals. Adhesion, cell signaling Single-celled :} Insects, mammals, and other animals with bilateral symmetry (~10,000,000) Jellyfish and their relatives (10,000) } Sponges (10,000) Choanoflagellates (150) Despite their simple unicellular lifestyle they express adhesion molecules including cadherins and lectins (King et al., 2003) but don't seem to have molecules that are typically found in the extracellular matrix such as integrins or laminins (Williams et al., 2014). Design a microscopy experiment to test the assertion that choanoflagellates have (some) adhesion molecules and those molecules play a similar role in a closely related animal like sponges.arrow_forward
- UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase catalyzes the removal of a pyrophosphate group from UTP as it synthesizes UDP-glucose. Why is this necessary, from a biochemical perspective? Both of the phosphate groups from UTP are needed to form UDP-glucose. There is no particular reason: wasteful reactions just happen sometimes. The pyrophosphate (after hydrolysis) is required to free up more phosphate for the synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. The subsequent hydrolysis of pyrophosphate is a highly exergonic reaction, which pulls the equilibrium over towards UDP-glucose. Pyrophosphate is an allosteric activator of glycogen synthase, so this helps glycogen synthesis to proceed at a faster rate.arrow_forwardNH3 i, CH₂ HN 'S Co A NH CH₂ CH₂ NH 1. Describe the role of Cys in the catalytic mechanism shown. 2. Describe/predict the microenvironment that could allow for Cys to be ionized in the catalytic mechanism.arrow_forwardUsing the ActiveModel for aldose reductase, describe the structure of the TIM barrel motif and the structure and location of the active site.arrow_forward
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- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning