Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 20TYK
Given the experimental procedure explained in question 19, which centrifuge tube (obtained after one
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In eukaryotes, the Replication factor C (RFC) is a clamp loader. In the absence of RFC,
what would be the consequences to the outcome of DNA replication? Explain.
Below is a diagram of DNA replication as currently believed to occur in E. coli. From specific points, arrows are provided that lead to numbers. Answer the questions below relating to the locations specified by the numbers. (02)
What end (5’ or 3’) of the molecule is here? (State which)
What enzyme is probably functioning here to deal with supercoils in the DNA?
What enzyme is probably functioning here to unwind the DNA?
What nucleic acid is probably depicted here?
What are these short DNA fragments usually called?
What enzyme probably functions here to couple these two newly synthesized fragments of DNA?
Is this strand the leading or lagging strand?
What end (5’ or 3’) of the molecule is here? (State which)
Suppose that replication is initiated in a medium containing moderately radioactive tritiated thymine. After a few minutes of incubation, the bacteria are transferred to a medium containing highly radioactive tritiated thymidine. Sketch the autoradiographic pattern that would be seen for (a) undirectional replication and (b) bidirectional replication, each from a single origin.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 16 - Hershey and Chase devised an experiment using...Ch. 16 - Review the structure of DNA by labeling the...Ch. 16 - Using different colors for heavy (parental) and...Ch. 16 - Look back to Interactive Question 16.2 and label...Ch. 16 - In this diagram of bacterial DNA replication,...Ch. 16 - Draw the last Okazaki fragment being formed on the...Ch. 16 - List the successive levels of packing in a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 16 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 16 - One of the reasons most scientists thought...
Ch. 16 - Transformation involves a. the uptake of external...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 16 - Which of the following most closely represents...Ch. 16 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 16 - In their classic experiment, Meselson and Stahl a....Ch. 16 - The joining of nucleotides in the polymerization...Ch. 16 - DNA polymerase is not able to begin copying a DNA...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 16 - Which of the following is least related to the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 16 - Which of the following statements about telomeres...Ch. 16 - You are trying to test your hypothesis that DNA...Ch. 16 - Given the experimental procedure explained in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 16 - Biologists have learned from the technique of...
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- Assume that a certain bacterial chromosome has one origin of replication. Under some conditions of rapid cell division, replication could start from the origin before the preceding replication cycle is complete. How many replication forks would be present under these conditions?arrow_forwardWhy is DNA replication is considered a semi-discontinuous process? Explain in detail.arrow_forwardAnswer the following questions with regards to DNA replication:1. In what direction does DNA polymerase read the parent strand?2. Describe why Okazaki fragments are formed (1-2 sentences)3. In no more than one sentence describe the function of the following enzymes as it pertains to DNA replication in E. coli : DNA polymerase III, primase and ligasearrow_forward
- Spontaneous deamination of cytosine bases in DNA takes place at low but measurable frequency. Cytosine is converted into uracil by loss of its amino group. After this conversion, which base pair occupies this position in each of the daughter strands resulting from one round of replication? Two rounds of replication? (a) How many different 8-mer sequences of DNA are there? (Hint: There are 16 possible dinucleotides and 64 possible trinucleotides.) We can quantify the information- carrying capacity of nucleic acids in the following way. Each position can be one of four bases, corresponding to two bits of information (2² = 4). Thus, a chain of 5100 nucleotides corresponds to 2 × 5100 = 10,200 bits, or 1275 bytes (1 byte =8 bits). (b) How many bits of information are stored in an 8-mer DNA sequence? In the E. coli genome? In the human genome? (c) Compare each of these values with the amount of information that can be stored on a computer compact disc, or CD (about 700 megabytes).arrow_forwardDuring the resolution of the two Holliday junctions, how many strands of DNA in total are broken during this process? Does the number differ depending on if this leads to recombination or non-recombination?”arrow_forwardFor the following steps in DNA replication, name the prokaryotic and eukaryotic enzymes (in that order!) that perform the task listed: Question 33 options: Tethering a polymerase to DNA (prokaryotes) Removing supercoils (eukaryotes) Removing supercoils (prokaryotes) Lagging strand replication (eukaryotes) Lagging strand replication (prokaryotes) Tethering a polymerase to DNA (eukaryotes) Stabilizing single-stranded DNA (prokaryotes) Stabilizing single-stranded DNA (eukaryotes) 1. DNA Pol III 2. DNA Pol Delta () 3. DNA Pol Epsilon () 4. Helicase 5. Topoisomerase (type I or II) 6. Beta clamp 7. PCNA 8. SSB 9. RPA 10. DNA Pol I 11. Ligasearrow_forward
- Assume that a certain bacterial chromosome has one origin of replication. Under some conditions of rapid celldivision, replication could start from the origin before thepreceding replication cycle is complete. How many replication forks would be present under these conditions?arrow_forwardSuppose that 22% of the nucleotides of a DNA molecule are deoxyadenosine and during replication the relative amounts of available deoxynucleoside triphosphates are 22% dATP, 22% dCTP, 28% dGTP, and 28% dTTP. What deoxynucleoside triphosphate is limiting to the replication? Explain.arrow_forwardWith regard to DNA replication, define the term bidirectional replication.arrow_forward
- Briefly discuss the pros and cons of having a nucleoid (as bacteria do) versus a double nuclear membrane surrounding the DNA (as in eukaryotes). List and explain three reasons why DNA replication is very accurate.arrow_forward(d) Write down the sequences of the templates that would give the tetranucleotides shown in I and II. In each case, label the 5' and 3' ends and indicate which template base is used first. (e) What difference would it make to bidirectional DNA replication if both modes of chain extension were equally favourable? I IIarrow_forwardThe E. coli chromosome is 1.28 mm long. Under optimal conditions, thechromosome is replicated in 40 minutes.(a) What is the distance traversed by one replication fork in 1 minute?(b) If replicating DNA is in the B form (10.4 base pairs per turn), how manynucleotides are incorporated in 1 minute in one replication fork?(c) If cultured human cells (such as HeLa cells) replicate 1.2 m of DNAduring a five-hour S phase and at a rate of fork movement one-tenthof that seen in E. coli, how many origins of replication must the cellscontain?(d) What is the average distance, in kilobase pairs, between these origins?arrow_forward
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