Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 15TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Behavioral inhibition is a temperament that is linked to the development of social anxiety disorder. It is described as a tendency to respond to situations with shy and restraint or timid responses.
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How do we know that X chromosomal inactivation of either the paternal or maternal homolog is a random event during early development in mammalian females? Select all that apply.
a. Studying the electrophoretic variants of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
b. Using test crosses involving females possessing different genetic markers in sex chromosomes.
c. Cytological studying during the blastocyst stage of development.
d. Observing the mosaic coat patterns inheritance.
e. Using electronic microscopy to track the inactivation of X chromosome.
Which of the following statements is TRUE? Overexpression of the X-chromosome in the somatic cells of males
a. leads to the formation of a Barr body in male cells' nuclei.
b. leads to cellular mosaicism in males hemizygous for an X-linked gene.
c. is characteristic of all XY systems of sex determination.
d. is the mechanism in flies to compensate for the higher dosage of X-linked genes in females as compared to males.
e. None of the above
When one examines the pattern of inheritance of a trait and finds that it is transmitted from
fathers to sons to grandsons (never appearing in the females genotype) what is the
conclusion about the inheritance pattern?
a.
Sex linked
b. Sex limited
С.
Sex related
d. X linked
e. Sex influenced
Red-Green color blindness
a.
Has its genetic determination on the x chromosome
b. Affects more males than females
С.
Is influenced by somatic sex differentiation
d. A and b
e. All of these
Chapter 15 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 15 - Complete the following summary of Morgans crosses...Ch. 15 - Two normal color-sighted individuals have two...Ch. 15 - In a testcross between a heterozygote tall,...Ch. 15 - With unlinked genes, an equal number of parental...Ch. 15 - The following recombination frequencies have been...Ch. 15 - a. What is the difference between an organism with...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7IQCh. 15 - Prob. 8IQCh. 15 - Mendels law of independent assortment applies to...Ch. 15 - You have found a new mutant phenotype in fruit...
Ch. 15 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 15 - Prob. 4SYKCh. 15 - Thomas Hunt Morgan firmly established the location...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 15 - Sex-linked traits a. are coded for by genes...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 15 - Consider three genes on the X chromosome: A, B,...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 15 - Genomic imprinting a. explains cases in which the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 15 - Suppose that alleles for an X-linked character for...Ch. 15 - Some girls who fail to undergo puberty are found...Ch. 15 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 15 - The genetic event that results in Turner syndrome...Ch. 15 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 1GPCh. 15 - Prob. 2GPCh. 15 - Prob. 3GPCh. 15 - Prob. 4GPCh. 15 - Prob. 5GPCh. 15 - Red-green color blindness is caused by a...
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- What can you assert regarding cytoplasmic inherited traits? A. extensive phenotypic variation exhibited, even within a single family B. reciprocal crosses that give different results C. All of the answers are correct. D. usually inherited from one parent, typically the maternal parent E. present in both males and femalesarrow_forwardQuestion:- A) Give one domain.motif found in the SRY portion and state clearly how it leads to the development of the Wollfian system. B) Explain the genotype and the phenotype of an XY female and how such an individual could occur. C) Explain the genotype and the phenotype of an XX male and how such an individual could occur.arrow_forwardIn marsupials like the opposum or kangaroo, X inactivation selectively inactivates the paternal X chromosome.a. Predict the possible coat colors of the progeny ofboth sexes if a female marsupial homozygous for amutant allele of an X-linked coat color gene wasmated with a male hemizygous for the alternativewild-type alleles of this gene.b. Predict the possible coat colors of progeny of bothsexes if a male marsupial hemizygous for an alleleof an X-linked coat color gene was mated with afemale homozygous for the alternative wild-typeallele of this gene.c. Why are the terms recessive and dominant not useful in describing the alleles of X-linked coat colorgenes in marsupials?d. Why would marsupials heterozygous for twoalleles of an X-linked coat color gene not havepatches of fur of two different colors as did the tortoiseshell cats described in the previous problem?51. The pedigree diagram below shows a family in whicharrow_forward
- In marsupials, X inactivation occurs exclusively to paternally derived chromosomes. Which genes will ALWAYS be expressed in this situation? A. maternal X-linked genes B. paternal X-linked genes C. maternal Y-linked genes D. paternal Y-linked genesarrow_forwardin humans, the development of gonadal sex in females is determined by a. The production of inductors by xx cells D. Inductors act on the medulla region of undifferentiated gonads The production of inductors by xy cells d. A and b С. е. B and c Consider the following cross in Drosophila: Tra tra xx crossed with tra tra xy What are the genotypes and frequencies in the offspring? Application question. a. 1/2 Tra tra xx 2 Tra tra xy 1/4 tra tra xx 1/2 Tra tra xy 1/4Tra tra xy b. 1/4 Tra tra xx 1/4 tra tra xy 1/4 Tra tra xx 1/4 tra tra xx C. d. 1/4 Tra Tra xx 1/4 Tra Tra xy 1/4 tra tra Xx 1/4 tra tra xy е. None of these WORK SPACE for Number 19arrow_forwarda. State a hypothesis explaining the inheritance of flower color in painted tongues. b. Assign genotypes to the parents, F₁ progeny, and F2 progeny for all five crosses. c. In a cross between true-breeding yellow and true-breeding lavender plants, all of the F1 progeny are bronze. If you used F₁ plants to produce and F2 generation, what phenotypes in what ratios would you expect? Are there any genotypes that might produce a phenotype that you cannot predict from earlier experiments, and if so, how might this alter the phenotypic ratios among the F2 progeny?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about calico cats is true? Select all that apply. Black fur sections are found in regions that are formed from cells that inactivated the X chromosome with the orange allele of the fur color gene. a. Black and orange sections of fur on calico cats will always be the same size, since X chromosome inactivation always happens at the same stage of development. b. Black fur sections are found in regions that are formed from cells that inactivated the paternal X chromosome. C. Black sections of fur in calico cats will always be located on the same body locations. d. Calico cats are only females, except in cases of chromosomal number abnormalities. D e.arrow_forwardIn genetic maternal effect, the phenotype of the individual is determined by which of these statements? A. The sex of the parent who transmits the gene B. The nuclear genotype of the maternal parent C. The sex of the individual with only one sex able to express the phenotype D. Cytoplasmic genes usually located in the mitochondria E. A combination of environmental factors and the genotype of the individualarrow_forwardData set A summarizes F2 numbers from an F1 cross arising from two, true-breeding Drosophila strains (P generation), which differ with respect to two mutant traits. The traits of legs shows an autosomal incomplete dominance pattern and the traits for wings shows an X-linked regular dominance pattern. a) Produce a genetic hypothesis about the mode of inheritance of each of the alleles from your data set. You must come up with a hypothesis that both makes sense and will not be rejected, in other words, you need a hypothesis that will corroborate the experimental observations. b) Explain/describe how the data set seems to support your genetic hypothesis for each trait. For example, explain why you think a trait is recessive vs dominant or X-linked vs autosomal. To do this, you could comment on the observed ratios and/or differences or similarities in male and female numbers and explain how these provide support for your hypotheses. c) Assign genetic symbols to the four alleles involved.…arrow_forward
- In the haplodiploid system of sex determination in honey bees: a. homozygosity at the csd locus results in male-specific mRNA from the fem and Am-dsx genes, ultimately resulting in the development of an inviable diploid drone. b. the csd gene codes for CSD proteins, which splice the mRNA from the hunchback and gurken genes into female specific RNAs that code for female specific proteins. c. heterozygosity at the csd locus results in mRNA from the fem gene being spliced into femF which is transcribed into active FEM proteins that establish a positive feedback splicing loop that contributes to the development of a diploid female. d. heterozygosity for the Am-dsx gene results in mRNAs that ultimately contribute to the development of an aggressive, dominant queen, whereas homozygosity for the Am-dsx gene results mRNAs that contribute to the development of a subordinate, non-aggressive sterile worker. e. all of these are correct f. a & c g. b & darrow_forwardWhich of the following findings supports the fact that the presence of the Y-chromosome rather than the lack of a second X-chromosome determines the development of maleness in mammals? a. A human with an X0 genotype (Turner syndrome) is phenotypically female. b. A human with an XXY genotype (Klinefelter syndrome) is phenotypically male. c. A transgenic mouse with two X-chromosomes and the SRY gene from the Y-chromosome develops male sex organs. d. b and c, but not a e. a, b, and carrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is FALSE? Inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in the somatic cells of mammalian females..... a. underlies the Calico phenotype in cats. b. leads to cellular mosaicism in females heterozygous for an X-linked gene. c. affects 75 % of the paternal and 25 % of the maternal X-chromosomes of a mammalian body. d. leads to the formation of a Barr body in female cells' nuclei. e. is the mechanism in mammals to compensate for the higher dosage of X-linked genes in females as compared to males.arrow_forward
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