Chapter 12, Problem 91A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electron dot formula of $\text{Cs}$ is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction: Using a "dot formula," valence electrons are shown as a group of dots encircling the element symbol.

Answer to Problem 91A

The electron dot formula of $\text{Cs}$ is shown below.

  

Explanation of Solution

In the periodic table of elements, cesium is placed in group one, which indicates that it contains one valence electron.

The electron dot structure of $\text{Cs}$ is shown below.

  

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electron dot formula of $\text{Br}$ is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction: Using a "dot formula," valence electrons are shown as a group of dots encircling the element symbol.

Answer to Problem 91A

The electron dot formula of $\text{Br}$ is shown below.

  

Explanation of Solution

In the periodic table of elements, bromine is placed in group seven, which indicates that it contains seven valence electrons.

The electron dot structure of $\text{Br}$ is shown below.

  

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electron dot formula of $\text{Ca}$ is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction: Using a "dot formula," valence electrons are shown as a group of dots encircling the element symbol.

Answer to Problem 91A

The electron dot formula of $\text{Ca}$ is shown below.

  

Explanation of Solution

In the periodic table of elements, calcium is placed in group two, which indicates that it contains two valence electrons.

The electron dot structure of $\text{Ca}$ is shown below.

  

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electron dot formula of $\text{P}$ is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction: Using a "dot formula," valence electrons are shown as a group of dots encircling the element symbol..

Answer to Problem 91A

The electron dot formula of $\text{P}$ is shown below.

  

Explanation of Solution

In the periodic table of elements, phosphorus is placed in group five, which indicates that it contains five valence electrons.

The electron dot structure of $\text{P}$ is shown below.