Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 6SQ
What feature of a DNA fragment causes it to move through a gel during electrophoresis?
- a. the electrical charges of its phosphate groups
- b. its
nucleotide sequence - c. the hydrogen bonds between its base pairs
- d. its double helix shape
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Students have asked these similar questions
How are DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel duning electrophoresis ?
A. The electric current makes the fragments migrate through the geThe smaller fragments migrate through the gel the fastest.
B. The heavier fragments fall faster than the lighter ones and therefore, reach the end of the gel first
C. The fragments are sorted based on the shape of their folding The more complicated the folded shape is, the slower the travel rate is.
D. The larger fragments have more charge and, therefore, move through the gel faster than the smaller fragments
John Doe has two possible fathers. The DNA fragment sizes of John Doe, John Doe's mother, a possible fathers are as follows:
John Doe's mother - 850 bp and 400 bp
John Doe - 680 bp and 400 bp
Possible father 1 - 680 bp and 500 bp
Possible father 11 - 680 bp and 280 bp
Which, If either of the two men could be John Doe’s father and why?
A. both of the two men, because they and John Doe all have a 680 bp sized DNA fragment
B.…
What defines one end of a DNA molecule as the 5’ end?
a. What defines the other end at the 3’ end?
b. When two strands of DNA are paired together to form a functional molecule, what is interesting to note about their 5’ and 3’ ends?
Enzymes can break down the DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes?
a. The two strands of the double helix would separate
b. The phosphodiester linkages of the polynucleotide backbone would be broken.
c. The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugar.
d. All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 12 - Suppose you wish to create a large batch of the...Ch. 12 - A carrier that moves DNA from one cell to another,...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3SQCh. 12 - A paleontologist has recovered a bit of organic...Ch. 12 - Why do DNA fragments containing STR sites from...Ch. 12 - What feature of a DNA fragment causes it to move...Ch. 12 - After a gel electrophoresis procedure is run, the...Ch. 12 - Name the steps of the whole-genome shotgun method.Ch. 12 - Put the following steps of human gene therapy in...Ch. 12 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...
Ch. 12 - Prob. 11IMTCh. 12 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 12 - Some scientists once joked that when the DNA...Ch. 12 - Interpreting Data When comparing genomes from...Ch. 12 - Listed below are 4 of the 13 genome sites used to...Ch. 12 - In the not-too-distant future, gene therapy may be...Ch. 12 - Today, it is fairly easy to make transgenic plants...Ch. 12 - 18. In October 2002, the government of the African...Ch. 12 - From 1977 to 2000, 12 convicts were executed in...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which statement about nonpolar interactions in the formation of the DNA double helix is INCORRECT? A. Van der Waals interactions are nearly optimal in a double-helical structure. B. Nonpolar surfaces of the bases are moved into contact with each other due to a more complete base stacking. C. Nucleotide bases tend to stack even in single-stranded DNA molecules. D. The separation distance of the planes of adjacent bases needs to be adjusted for the favorable van der Waals contacts. E. Surface complementary maximizes the formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions while minimizing the nonpolar surface area exposed to the aqueous environment.arrow_forwardWhen two adjacent bases in the same strand of DNA dimerize (form a covalent bond between them), what happens to the DNA? a. the original strand of DNA now contains a new DNA sequence b. the original strand of DNA is prevented from opening during replication, so this section of DNA will not be replicated c. the original strand of DNA is methylated, which causes the bases to mismatch d. the original strand of DNA is kinked, which prevents DNA polymerase from working properly e. the original strand of DNA is unaffected, so no additional mutations arisearrow_forwardWhat describes or designates the 3' end of a DNA strand? a. an available hydroxyl group on the 5th carbon of a deoxyribose of a terminal nucleotide b. an available phosphate group on the 3rd carbon of a deoxyribose of a terminal nucleotide c. an available hydroxyl group on the 3rd carbon of a deoxyribose of a terminal nucleotide d. an available hydroxyl group on the 2nd carbon of a deoxyribose of a terminal nucleotidearrow_forward
- What was the contribution of Rosalind Franklin to the discovery of DNA's structure? a.Discovery that in DNA the amounts of adenine and thymine were identical as were the amounts of guanine and cytosine b.Theoretical model of DNA's structure and the pairing of nitrogenous bases c. X-ray diffraction images of DNA that showed that DNA had two chains twisted into a double helix with a backbone containing phosphate groups on the outside and bases on the insidearrow_forwardWhat provides the negative charge associated with DNA? a. sulfhydryl groups b. nitrogenous bases c. phosphate groups d. deoxyribose's hydroxyl groups e. ribose's hydroxyl groupsarrow_forwardWhich statement describes Linus Pauling's contribution to the understanding of DNA structure? a Having first discovered the spiral shape of proteins, Linus Pauling used x-ray technology to hypothesize that the DNA molecule consisted of two consistently spaced strands that formed a spiral shape. b Having originally studied proteins, Pauling proposed that DNA was a three-chained helix with a sugar-phosphate backbone at the center and bases sticking out from the backbone. c Linus Pauling conducted experiments to prove that DNA carried genetic information. d Linus Pauling studied DNA base pairing.arrow_forward
- What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized? a. The origins of replication occur only at 5'end b. Helicases and single-strand binding proteins work at the 5'end c. DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3' end of a pre-existing strand d. DNA ligase works only in the 3'-5' directionarrow_forwardWhat is the structure of a DNA molecule? A. Two nucleotide strands coiled into a double helix held together by bonds between internal nucleotide bases B. Three nucleotide strands coiled into a triple helix held together by bonds between internal nucleotide bases C. Two nucleotide strands coiled into a double helix held together by bonds between external nucleotide bases D. A single nucleotide strand held together by bonds between internal nucleotide basesarrow_forwardWhat is the major role of DNA polymerase in the DNA replication? a. Attached RNA primers to initiate the addition of complementary nucleotide sequence at the 5’ to 3’direction b. Adds up new complementary nucleotide sequence at the 3’ to 5’ direction of the DNA template. c. Unwinds the double helix by breaking the bonds at the 3’ to 5’ polymerization activity. d.It transiently cuts each strand to prevent supercoil at the 5’ to 3’ polymerization activity complementary to the RNA strandarrow_forward
- What was the contribution of Rosalind Franklin to the discovery of DNA's structure? A. X-ray diffraction images of DNA that showed that DNA had two chains twisted into a double helix with a backbone containing phosphate groups on the outside and bases on the inside B. Theoretical model of DNA's structure and the pairing of nitrogenous bases C. Discovery that in DNA the amounts of adenine and thymine were identical as were the amounts of guanine and cytosinearrow_forwardWhat is the purpose of Bromophenol Blue in electrophoresis? a. To follow the progress of the gel as it is running b. It acts as a DNA size ladder or DNA size standards. c. To allow the electric current to move through the gel. d. To visualize the DNA after the gel has finished running. What is the purpose of acetate in TAE? a. It helps to maintain the pH of the buffer b. To carry electrons to allow the electric current to travel through the gel. c. It is used to stop the action of DNases d. It is required to see the DNA on a UV light.arrow_forwardWhich dna strand will be synthesized continuously during dna replication? a.The strand that is synthesized as Okazki Fragments b.the strand which is synthesized in the opposite direction compared to the direction of DNA unwinding? c.the strand which is sythesized in the same direction as the same direction of DNA unwinding? d.The m-RNA like strand e. The non-template strandarrow_forward
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