Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 12, Problem 2AC
Genetic information is encoded in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA. Let's suppose that the
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An RNA molecule has the following percentages of bases: A = 27%, U =
38%, C=20%, G = 15%.
(A) Is this RNA molecule single-stranded or double stranded? How can you
tell?
(B) What would be the percentage of each of the bases in the template strand
of the DNA that contains the gene for this RNA?
The DNA STRAND IS 3’ TAC-AGC-ACT-CAG-TCA 5’, and Non-template strand = 5' - ATGTCGTGAGTCAGT - 3' .
If on the non-coding strand of DNA there is suddenly one T base that sneaks into the 4th sequence (from the left), or causes a mutation, then how will the RNA be formed and the chain arrangement of the amino acids produced by this mutation?
The DNA STRAND IS 3’ TAC-AGC-ACT-CAG-TCA 5’ and Non-template strand = 5' - ATG-TCG-TGA-GTC-AGT - 3' .
If on the non-coding strand of DNA there is suddenly one T base that sneaks into the 4th sequence (from the left), or causes a mutation, then how will the RNA be formed and the chain arrangement of the amino acids produced by this mutation?
4th sequence (from the left) should be = TCG right?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 12.1 - Which do you think would be more difficult to...Ch. 12.1 - If viral genetic material had the same structure...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 12.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 12.2 - Muscles, Mutations, and Myostatin The sequence of...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 12.3 - describe the process of DNA replication, including...Ch. 12.3 - explain why DNA replication is called...Ch. 12.3 - Muscles, Mutations, and Myostatin "Double-muscled"...Ch. 12.4 - How Much Genes Influence Athletic Prowess?
Ch. 12.4 - explain what mutations are and how they occur?Ch. 12.4 - explain why mutations are rare?Ch. 12.4 - describe the different types of mutations?Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 12 - If a parental DNA strand has the base sequence...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2MCCh. 12 - Prob. 3MCCh. 12 - The rungs of the DNA double helix consist of a....Ch. 12 - Prob. 5MCCh. 12 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 12 - Prob. 1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 2RQCh. 12 - Describe the structure of DNA. Where are the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4RQCh. 12 - Describe the process of DNA replication.Ch. 12 - How do mutations occur? Describe the principal...Ch. 12 - Prob. 1ACCh. 12 - Genetic information is encoded in the sequence of...
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- How many kilobases of the DNA strand below will code for the protein product?arrow_forwardThe compound known as nitrous acid is a reactive chemical that replaces amino groups (−− NH2) with keto groups (== O). When nitrous acid reacts with the bases in DNA, it can change cytosine to uracil and change adenine to hypoxanthine. A DNA double helix has the following sequence: TTGGATGCTGG AACCTACGACC A. What would be the sequence of this double helix immediately after reaction with nitrous acid? Let the letter H represent hypoxanthine and U represent uracil. B. Let’s suppose this DNA was treated with nitrous acid. The nitrous acid was then removed, and the DNA was replicated for two generations. What would be the sequences of the DNA products after the DNA had replicated twice? Your answer should contain the sequences of four double helices. Note: During DNA replication, uracil hydrogen bonds with adenine, and hypoxanthine hydrogen bonds with cytosine.arrow_forwardThe compound known as nitrous acid is a reactive chemical that replaces amino groups (NH2) with keto groups (=O). When nitrous acid reacts with the bases in DNA, it can change cytosine to uracil and change adenine to hypoxanthine. A DNA double helix has the following sequence: AACCTACGACC TTGGATGCTGG A. What would be the sequence of this double helix immediately after reaction with the nitrous acid (i.e. before replication)? Let the letter H represent hypoxanthine and U represent uracil. B. Following exposure the nitrous acid was removed, and the DNA was replicated for one generation. What would be the sequence of the DNA products after the DNA sequence resulting from treatment in Part A had replicated once? Your answer should contain the sequences of two double stranded DNA molecules. Note: During DNA replication, uracil hydrogen bonds with adenine, and hypoxanthine hydrogen bonds with cytosine.arrow_forward
- the human immunodeficiency virus HIV uses RNA rather than DNA to encode genetic information. During infection, however, HIV uses an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase to generate double-stranded DNA. Generally speaking, how would the enzyme generate a double strand of DNA from a single strand of RNA?arrow_forwarddetermine what amino acid will be formed from the given DNA strand below: 3’ T A C A T G C C G A A T G C C 5’ Note: Prepare the partner strand of this DNA. Discuss how will replication happen by mentioning the enzyme needed then transcribe to form mRNA. Discuss what will happen to mRNA, then translate, mentioning the anticodon to be used. Look at the genetic code to know what amino acid will become part of the polypeptide chain. 1. Partner DNA strand 2. the mRNA strand 3. the tRNA 4. the formed amino acids 5. the discussion of the entire procedurearrow_forwardIf the DNA sequence A-T-T-G-G-C-C-T-A on an informational strand mutated and became A-C-T-G-G-C-C-T-A, what effect would the mutation have on the sequence of the protein produced?arrow_forward
- A B-DNA molecule has 1 million nucleotide pairs. How many complete turns of the helix are there in this molecule?arrow_forwardDetermine what amino acid will be formed from the given DNA strand below: 3’ T A C A T G C C G A A T 5’ Note: Prepare the partner strand of this DNA. Discuss how will replication happen by mentioning the enzyme needed then transcribe to form mRNA. Discuss what will happen to mRNA, then translate, mentioning the anticodon to be used. Look at the genetic code to know what amino acid will become part of the polypeptide chain. 1. Partner DNA strand 2. the mRNA strand 3. the tRNA 4. the formed amino acidsarrow_forwardAn RNA molecule has the following percentages of bases: A = 23%, U = 42%, C = 21%, and G = 14%. Q. What would be the percentages of bases in the template strand of the DNA that contains the gene for this RNA?arrow_forward
- The double helical structure of DNA is intrinsically unstable and easily dissociates to form two separate strands. Why? How does this affect the two key biological functions of chromosomal DNA? What would happen if the DNA helices were too stable?arrow_forwardThe sequence below shows one strand of DNA. Parts of the sequence are in capital letters to help you identify important features - capitalization does not affect the nucleotide indicated. 5' ...atacaATGcATGTCAaCTAcg[a]agatccgTAGaTAACATtCATatc...3' a) Underneath that strand, write the sequence of the strand of DNA it would be paired with in a double-stranded helix. Use the single letter code A-adenosine, G-guanosine, T-thymine, C-cytosine, and U-uracil, and remember to label the 5' and 3' ends b) Next, write the sequence of a possible mRNA transcript of the double-stranded DNA above. Remember that an mRNA must be translatable by a ribosome into a protein. Be sure to indicate 5' and 3' ends c) Using the genetic code at the end, translate your mRNA into the appropriate protein. Write the amino acid sequence of the protein using the single letter amino acid code (also at the end) below the mRNA sequence in (b) and label the amino and carboxy terminals d) Suppose the bracketed bold [a] were…arrow_forwardThe template strand of a double helical segment of DNA consists of the following sequence: 5’-GTAGCCTTAAGCGATCACCGTCCGTATTACTAGTGGCCAGACTCTTTTCACTCTCATGTATAGTTG-3’ What is the nucleotide order in the complementary DNA strand?arrow_forward
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