Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 27P
Two different mutations affect
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Certain environmental conditions such as exposure to UV light areknown to activate lysogenic λ prophages and cause them to progressinto the lytic cycle. UV light initially causes the repressor protein to be proteolytically degraded. Make a flow diagram showing the subsequent events that lead to the lytic cycle. (Note: The xis gene codes for an enzyme that is necessary to excise the λ prophage from the E. coli chromosome. The enzyme integrase is also necessary for this excision.)
An ade+ arg+ cys+ his+ leu+ pro+ bacterial strain is knownto be lysogenic for a newly discovered phage, but the siteof the prophage is not known. The bacterial map isleucysarghisadeproThe lysogenic strain is used as a source of the phage, andthe phages are added to a bacterial strain of genotypeade- arg- cys- his- leu- pro-. After a short incubation,samples of these bacteria are plated on six differentmedia, with the supplementations indicated in thefollowing table. The table also shows whether colonieswere observed on the various media.PresenceMedium Ade Arg Cys His Leu Pro of colonies1 - + + + + + N2 + - + + + + N3 + + - + + + C4 + + + - + + N5 + + + + - + C6 + + + + + - NNutrient supplementation in medium(In this table, a plus sign indicates the presence of anutrient supplement, a minus sign indicates that asupplement is not present, N indicates no colonies, and Cindicates colonies present.)a. What genetic process is at work here?b. What is the approximate locus of the prophage?
The protein of T2 bacteriophage is labeled with 35S and the DNA with 32p. Where would one detect most of the 32p if
the T2 bacteriophage were allowed to infect the bacteria?
O on the phage coat surrounding the T2 bacteriophage
on the membrane of the infected bacteria
O inside the T2 bacteriophage capsid
O inside the infected bacteria
O The 32P would be equally distributed within the T2 bacteriophage and infected bacteria
Chapter 12 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 12 - 12.1 Bacterial genomes frequently contain groups...Ch. 12 - Transcriptional regulation of operon gene...Ch. 12 - Why is it essential that bacterial cells be able...Ch. 12 - Identify similarities and differences between an...Ch. 12 - The transcription of -galactosidase and permease...Ch. 12 - 12.6 Is attenuation the product of an allosteric...Ch. 12 - The trpL region contains four repeated DNA...Ch. 12 - The CAP binding site in the lac promoter is the...Ch. 12 - What role does cAMP play in transcription of lac...Ch. 12 - How would a cap- mutation that produces an...
Ch. 12 - Explain the circumstances under which attenuation...Ch. 12 - Consider the transcription of genes of the...Ch. 12 - Describe the lytic and lysogenic life cycles of ...Ch. 12 - 12.14 Define antisense RNA, and describe how it...Ch. 12 - 12.15 Attenuation of trp operon transcription is...Ch. 12 - 12.16 In the lac operon, what are the likely...Ch. 12 - Identify which of the following lac operon haploid...Ch. 12 - Prob. 18PCh. 12 - 12.19 List possible genotypes for lac operon...Ch. 12 - Suppose each of the genotypes you listed in parts...Ch. 12 - 12.21 Four independent mutants (mutants A to D)...Ch. 12 - Suppose the lac operon partial diploid...Ch. 12 - What is a riboswitch? Describe the riboswitch...Ch. 12 - 12.24 A repressible operon system, like the trp...Ch. 12 - 12.25 What is the likely effect of each of the...Ch. 12 - 12.26 Suppose that base substitution mutations...Ch. 12 - 12.27 Two different mutations affect. Mutant...Ch. 12 - How would mutations that inactivate each of the...Ch. 12 - The bacterial insertion sequence IS 10 uses...Ch. 12 - For an E. coli strain with the lac operongenotype...Ch. 12 - 12.31 How could antisense RNA be used as an...Ch. 12 - 12.32 Section describes the function of tRNA...Ch. 12 - The following hypothetical genotypes have genes A,...Ch. 12 - 12.34 Northern blot analysis is performed on...Ch. 12 - Prob. 35PCh. 12 - Prob. 36PCh. 12 - 12.37 The electrophoresis gel shown in part (a) is...
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- Bacteriophage lambda is integrated in DNA of a host cell, which is exposed to UV light in a body of water in the environment. Describe the sequence of events that occurs in its life cycle. Briefly describe the role of the Lambda repressor (cI) and cII activator to regulate the switch between the lysogenic and lytic cycles of phage Lambda.arrow_forwardA pure culture of an unknown bacterium was streaked onto plates of a variety of media. You notice that the colony morphologyis strikingly different on plates of minimal media with glucose compared to that seen on trypticase soy agar plates. How can you explain these differences in colony morphology? Also, describe what happens when a nonsense mutation is introduced into the gene encoding transposase within a transposon and why is it more likely that insertions or deletions will be more detrimental to a cell than point mutations?arrow_forwardThe linear dsDNA genome of λ binds on the LamB receptor of E. Coli and conducts a normal lysogenic cycle. Exposure to stress will cause the excision of λ prophage from the E. Coli genome. The excised λ genome is then replicated, packaged, and released from the cell as mature λ phage particles and ready to infect other bacterial cells. Among λ phage particles,the transducing phage mediates a specific type of recombination. Understand this scenario and answer the following questions. 1. What are the basic requirements for the insertion of λ into the E. Coli genome? 2. What special features are found in the λ insertion site? 3. What type of recombination occurs with λ insertion in the E. Coli genome? 4. How you will differentiate λ transducing phage from normal λ phage? 5. What exclusive mechanism λ phage utilizes for recombination?arrow_forward
- Bacteriophage λ, after infecting a cell, can integrateinto the chromosome of the cell if the repressor protein, cI, binds to and shuts down phage transcriptionimmediately. (A strain containing a bacteriophageDNA integrated into the chromosome is called a lysogen.) The alternative fate is the production of manymore viruses and lysis of the cell. In a mating, a donor strain that is a lysogen was crossed with a lysogenic recipient cell, and no phages were produced.However, when the lysogen donor strain transferredits DNA to a nonlysogenic recipient cell, the recipientcell burst, releasing a new generation of phages. a. Why did the mating with a nonlysogenic recipientresult in phage growth and release, but the infectionof a lysogenic recipient did not?arrow_forwardO The lac operon in E.coli encodes enzymes necessary for the breakdown of lactose. For each enzyme (lac Z and lac Y), indicate with a + or-whether or not it is made when there is no lactose or when there is lactose. B-galactosidase (lac Z) No Lactose Permease (lac Y) Lactose Lactose No Lactose Genotype PP0 Z Y/I P*O*Z•Y* I'POCZ Y*/I P* O©Z*Y° P O Z'Y/I P'OʻZ'Y* PP O ZY*/IP*O*Z*Y* IP OCZ Y /I P*O*Z•Y* IPO ZY*/I* P*O©Z*Y• I'PO*Z Y*/IP'O*Z*Y°arrow_forwardDescribe how the lambda phage controls the lytic and lysogenic cycles. Include cro, cI, cII, and cIII in your description. Which of these proteins is responsible for the initiation of lysogeny or lytic pathways?arrow_forward
- Please select all cellular processes that do NOT rely on RecA protein function as far as we considered them. bacteriophage lambda switch to lytic stage Lacl repression O LexA repression O natural transformation ODNA damage response O homologous recombination insertion of lambda phage into chromosomearrow_forwardWhen various strains of λ phage are seeded on a lawn of E. coli, they can form clear or turbid plaques. (b) For mutant λ phages that can only form clear plaques, give two different types of mutation in the phage that can explain the clear plaque phenotype.arrow_forwardGiven the following genotypes, explain, by answering the questions in each number, how the mutation (identified by a (-) superscript) will affect E. coli grown in lactose medium. Will there be a complete set ofgene products? (Yes/No) Will the lac operon be turnedon/off? Will the cell survive? (Yes/No) a. i + p + o + z - y + b. i + p - o + z + y + c. i + p + o - z + y +arrow_forward
- Several new genes in the SOS regulon were identified by an ingen- ious use of “Mud" phages. These are derivatives of phage Mu that have a promoterless B-galactosidase gene inserted at a particular point in this phage genome. How might these phages be used to identify genes whose expression is turned on after ultraviolet irradi- ation of bacteria?arrow_forwardAnswer the following questions: 1. Given the following genotypes, explain how the mutation (identified by a () superscript will affect E. coli grown in lactose medium. Will the lac operon be on or off? Will there be a complete set of gene products from the loc operon? What will be the implication of the missing gene product, if ever? Will the cell be able to survive in the lactose medium or not? a. p' oE Y b. p'o Y d. po varrow_forwardA researcher identified a mutation in PR of phage λ that causes itstranscription rate to be increased 10-fold. Do you think this mutationwould favor the lytic or lysogenic cycle? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
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