Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 5P
The transcription of
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The concentration of free glutamine affects transcription of the enzyme glutamine synthetase in E. coli. Describe the mechanism of this effect.
In terms of the efficient use of bacterial resources, explain why it is necessary for lac operon expression to be controlled both by the lac repressor and by a cyclic AMP receptor protein rather than just by the lac repressor alone.
Describe the mechanism by which cAMP receptorprotein (CRP), the regulatory protein for catabolite repression, functions. Use the lactose operon as an example.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 12 - 12.1 Bacterial genomes frequently contain groups...Ch. 12 - Transcriptional regulation of operon gene...Ch. 12 - Why is it essential that bacterial cells be able...Ch. 12 - Identify similarities and differences between an...Ch. 12 - The transcription of -galactosidase and permease...Ch. 12 - 12.6 Is attenuation the product of an allosteric...Ch. 12 - The trpL region contains four repeated DNA...Ch. 12 - The CAP binding site in the lac promoter is the...Ch. 12 - What role does cAMP play in transcription of lac...Ch. 12 - How would a cap- mutation that produces an...
Ch. 12 - Explain the circumstances under which attenuation...Ch. 12 - Consider the transcription of genes of the...Ch. 12 - Describe the lytic and lysogenic life cycles of ...Ch. 12 - 12.14 Define antisense RNA, and describe how it...Ch. 12 - 12.15 Attenuation of trp operon transcription is...Ch. 12 - 12.16 In the lac operon, what are the likely...Ch. 12 - Identify which of the following lac operon haploid...Ch. 12 - Prob. 18PCh. 12 - 12.19 List possible genotypes for lac operon...Ch. 12 - Suppose each of the genotypes you listed in parts...Ch. 12 - 12.21 Four independent mutants (mutants A to D)...Ch. 12 - Suppose the lac operon partial diploid...Ch. 12 - What is a riboswitch? Describe the riboswitch...Ch. 12 - 12.24 A repressible operon system, like the trp...Ch. 12 - 12.25 What is the likely effect of each of the...Ch. 12 - 12.26 Suppose that base substitution mutations...Ch. 12 - 12.27 Two different mutations affect. Mutant...Ch. 12 - How would mutations that inactivate each of the...Ch. 12 - The bacterial insertion sequence IS 10 uses...Ch. 12 - For an E. coli strain with the lac operongenotype...Ch. 12 - 12.31 How could antisense RNA be used as an...Ch. 12 - 12.32 Section describes the function of tRNA...Ch. 12 - The following hypothetical genotypes have genes A,...Ch. 12 - 12.34 Northern blot analysis is performed on...Ch. 12 - Prob. 35PCh. 12 - Prob. 36PCh. 12 - 12.37 The electrophoresis gel shown in part (a) is...
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- Some elongation factors are evolutionarily related to the G-proteins involved in signal transduction. Provide a possible reason why this is the case.arrow_forwardExplain why inactivation of the O1 sequence of the lac operator almost completely abolishes repression of the lac operon.arrow_forwardDirect mutagenesis of Ca2+ ATPase gene resulted in the replacement of two amino acid residues - Asn111 and Asn114 to Ala. These substitutions led to the reduction in Ca2+ transport activity by 10% and 50%, respectively. On the other hand, directed mutagenesis that resulted in the alteration of four Glu residues in the lumenal loop of this transport protein to Ala, did not affect the Ca2+ transport. Provide the possible explanation for the observed differences in the Ca2+ transport activity between the protein with Asn->Ala substitution and the protein with Glu->Ala substitution.arrow_forward
- Describe the regulation of expression of the lac Z, Y and A genes in E.coli when there is LOW glucose and HIGH lactose present in the cell.arrow_forwardThe lac genotypes are as shown below: P+OcZ-Y+A+// P¯O+Z+Y+A+ (i) The lac operon consists of three structural genes, lacZ, lacY and lacA. Which structural genes are involved in lactose metabolism? Explain. (ii) Draw and explain how lactose repress the gene expression in lac IS/I- heterozygote. (iii) What is the function of the promoter in the bacterial operon?arrow_forwardCTP synthetase catalyzes the glutamine-dependent conversion of UTP to CTP. The enzyme is allosterically inhibited by the product, CTP. Mammalian cells defective in this allosteric inhibition are found to have a complex phenotype: They require thymidine in the growth medium, they have unbalanced nucleotide pools, and they have an elevated spontaneous mutation rate. Explain the likely basis for these observations.arrow_forward
- What is diauxic growth? Explain how catabolite repression causes diauxic growth.arrow_forwardRibosomes markedly accelerate thehydrolysis of GTP bound to the complex of EF-Tu and aminoacyltRNA. What is the biological significance ofthis enhancement of GTPase activity by ribosomes?arrow_forwardRibosomes markedly accelerate the hydrolysis of GTP bound to the complex of EF-Tu and aminoacyltRNA. What is the biological significance of this enhancement of GTPase activity by ribosomes?arrow_forward
- A mutation occurred on the lacI (repressor) gene resulting in a constant production of beta-galactosidase and permease, even in the absence of lactose. Provide an explanation for the effect of this mutation on the repressor protein moleculearrow_forwardRepressors are inactivated either by interaction with a small-molecule inducer or by proteolytic cleavage. Why is it advantageous for a repressor like the lac repressor to be inactivated by binding to allolactose rather than by proteolytic cleavage?arrow_forwardDescribe how transcription would be affected in the Galactose metabolizing pathway in Yeast in the presence of the following mutations. 1. A mutation that resulted in an inability of Gal80 to enter the nucleus. 2. A mutation that resulted in a lack of ability of Gal3 to bind galactose.arrow_forward
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