Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 12P
Consider the transcription of genes of the lacoperon under two conditions
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Predict the level of genetic activity of the lac operon as well as the status of the lac repressor and the CAP protein under the cellular conditions listed in the accompanying table. Lactose Glucose (a) - - (b) + - (c) - + (d) + +
Explain the process of attenuation in the trp operon under the following conditions:
(i)
No tryptophan
(ii)
High tryptophan levels
In the galactose operon of Escherichia coli, a repressor, encoded by the galR gene, binds to an operator site, galo, to regulate the expression of three structural genes, galE, galT, and galK. Expression is induced by the presence of galactose in the media. For each of the strains listed, would the cell show constitutive, inducible, or no expression of each of the structural genes? (Assume that galR−is a loss-of-function mutation.)
galR− galo+ galE+ galT+ galK+
galR+ galoc galE+ galT+ galK+
galR− galo+ galE+ galT+ galK−/ galR+ galo+ galE− galT+ galK+
galR− galoc galE+ galT+ galK−/ galR+ galo+ galE− galT+ galK+
Chapter 12 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 12 - 12.1 Bacterial genomes frequently contain groups...Ch. 12 - Transcriptional regulation of operon gene...Ch. 12 - Why is it essential that bacterial cells be able...Ch. 12 - Identify similarities and differences between an...Ch. 12 - The transcription of -galactosidase and permease...Ch. 12 - 12.6 Is attenuation the product of an allosteric...Ch. 12 - The trpL region contains four repeated DNA...Ch. 12 - The CAP binding site in the lac promoter is the...Ch. 12 - What role does cAMP play in transcription of lac...Ch. 12 - How would a cap- mutation that produces an...
Ch. 12 - Explain the circumstances under which attenuation...Ch. 12 - Consider the transcription of genes of the...Ch. 12 - Describe the lytic and lysogenic life cycles of ...Ch. 12 - 12.14 Define antisense RNA, and describe how it...Ch. 12 - 12.15 Attenuation of trp operon transcription is...Ch. 12 - 12.16 In the lac operon, what are the likely...Ch. 12 - Identify which of the following lac operon haploid...Ch. 12 - Prob. 18PCh. 12 - 12.19 List possible genotypes for lac operon...Ch. 12 - Suppose each of the genotypes you listed in parts...Ch. 12 - 12.21 Four independent mutants (mutants A to D)...Ch. 12 - Suppose the lac operon partial diploid...Ch. 12 - What is a riboswitch? Describe the riboswitch...Ch. 12 - 12.24 A repressible operon system, like the trp...Ch. 12 - 12.25 What is the likely effect of each of the...Ch. 12 - 12.26 Suppose that base substitution mutations...Ch. 12 - 12.27 Two different mutations affect. Mutant...Ch. 12 - How would mutations that inactivate each of the...Ch. 12 - The bacterial insertion sequence IS 10 uses...Ch. 12 - For an E. coli strain with the lac operongenotype...Ch. 12 - 12.31 How could antisense RNA be used as an...Ch. 12 - 12.32 Section describes the function of tRNA...Ch. 12 - The following hypothetical genotypes have genes A,...Ch. 12 - 12.34 Northern blot analysis is performed on...Ch. 12 - Prob. 35PCh. 12 - Prob. 36PCh. 12 - 12.37 The electrophoresis gel shown in part (a) is...
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- Describe the regulation of expression of the lac Z, Y and A genes in E.coli when there is LOW glucose and HIGH lactose present in the cell.arrow_forwardThe lac operon consists of three structural genes, lacZ, lacY and lacA that are transcribed as a single polycistronic mRNA. The new lac strain of Escherichia coli are as shown below: P+O+Z+Y+A+// P+O+Z+Y+A¯ (i) Illustrate how lactose induces the gene expression in lac 1 $// I-. (ii) Explain the function of the lacP and laco in the bacterial operon.arrow_forwardWhy is it adaptive for the structural genes for using lactose to be under the control of a single promoter (i.e., synthesize a polycistronic message rather than three monocistronic messages)? a. For efficient absorption and catabolism of lactose, structural genes send a single signal. This is why polycistronic message is favored more than the monocistronic message since the former involves transmission of numerous messages in initiation and termination. b. Polycistronic message is favored more than the monocistronic message. c. Polycistronic message is favored more than the monocistronic message since the former involves transmission of numerous messages in initiation and termination. d. For an efficient absorption and catabolism of lactose, structural genes send a single signal only. e. Polycistronic message is favored more than the monocistronic message since the former involves transmission of single message in initiation and termination.arrow_forward
- Supply the words “off" or “on" in the blanks below: In an inducible operon, transcription is normally and must be turned In a repressible operon, transcription is normally and must be turned Briefly describe the overall function of the structural genes in the lac operon. Briefly describe the overall function of the structural genes in the trp operon. For the following descriptions of the bacterial lac operon, determine if lactose is present (P) or absent (A). The repressor is bound to the operator. The repressor is inactive. RNA polymerase transcribes the structural genes. Allolactose is bound to the repressor For the following descriptions of the bacterial trp operon, determine if tryptophan levels are high (H) or low (L). The repressor is bound to the operator. The repressor is inactive. RNA polymerase transcribes the structural genes. Tryptophan is bound to the repressor.arrow_forwardExplain why (a) inactivation of the O2 or O3 sequence of the lac operon causes only a twofold loss in repression, and (b) inactivation of both O2 and O3 reduces repression ∼70-fold.arrow_forwardConsider the lac operon of E. coli. Specifically, explain the following: a. Describe the overall chromosomal structure/organization of the operon, indicating the location and function of the regulatory regions and the structural genes. b. Is lac a catabolic or anabolic pathway? Explain. Is the operon inducible or repressible? Explain. c. Describe the mechanisms involved in negative control & positive controlarrow_forward
- Describe the probable genetic defect that abolishes the sensitivity of the lac operon to the absence of glucose when other metabolic operons continue to be sensitive to the absence of glucose.arrow_forward. a. How many ribosomes are required (at a minimum)for the translation of trpE and trpC from a singletranscript of the trp operon?b. How would you expect deletion of the two tryptophan codons in the RNA leader to affect theexpression of the trpE and trpC genes?arrow_forwardDescribe the mechanism by which cAMP receptorprotein (CRP), the regulatory protein for catabolite repression, functions. Use the lactose operon as an example.arrow_forward
- Predict a possible phenotype from the following mutations in the Lac Operon: a deletion in "GGAATTGTGAGCGGATAACAATTTCAC."arrow_forward. Recall that the trp operon has a special leader sequence (trpL) between the operator and the structural genes that offers attenuation as a mechanism for regulation of gene expression. (A) Draw a diagram of a trpL region of the operon when tryptophan is abundant in the cell.Label the following features: the DNA, 5’ and 3’ polarity of the RNA, the regions 1, 2, 3,and 4 and poly-U of the RNA, the pair of Trp codons (UGG), the ribosome, and RNA-Pol,along with any stem-loop structure that would form under these conditions (B) In the above example, will the rest of the trp operon genes be expressed? Briefly describe your reasoning why or why not (C) The trp codons in region 1 of the trpL gene have mutated to cysteines (UGG to UGC). What will be the effect on attenuation gene regulation of the trp operon? Brieflyexplain your reasoning.arrow_forwardAnalyze the following genotypes of the Lac Operon in E. coli. In each case, determine whether Beta-galactosidase (enzyme that digests lactose) and permease (membrane channel that brings lactose into the cell) would be made in the presence or absence of lactose. For the purpose of this question, ignore glucose levels. Simply select 'YES' if the proteins are made or 'NO' if they are not . (Refer to the Lac Operon diagram for the meaning of the letters in the genotypes. Remember a "plus" superscript indicates normal functioning part of operon or repressor gene, a "minus" indicates loss of function, "OC" means "operator- constitutive", and "IS" means "super-repressor") Absence of Lactose Presence of Lactose Genotype В-gal Permease В -gal Permease IS pt 0 z+ Y-/ I† p+ 0C z¯ y+ It p+ 0C z+ y+/ I* P¯ 0 Z- Y It P 0C Z- Y+/ I¯ p* 0 z+ y It pt o z Y+/ I¯ p+ 0 z+ Yarrow_forward
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