Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The pair of compounds that have the same physical state at room temperature and pressure has to be determined from the given options.
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula. Each and every compound has its own molecular formula. Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.
Alkanes and cycloalkanes are hydrocarbons. They are nonpolar molecules. Water is a polar molecule. Therefore, alkanes and cycloalkanes do not get solubilized in water. In other words, alkanes and cycloalkanes are insoluble in water.
Regarding density, alkanes and cycloalkanes have density lower than water. When alkanes and cycloalkanes are mixed with water, two layers are formed which is a result of insolubility. Alkanes and cycloalkanes are present on top of water layer which is due to lesser density.
Boiling point of alkanes and cycloalkanes increase with an increase in carbon‑chain length or the ring size. When considering the continuous‑chain alkanes, the boiling point of alkanes increases about
When branching happens in the carbon chain, it lowers the boiling point of alkanes. In simple words, unbranched alkanes have more boiling point than branched alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms.
Cycloalkanes have higher boiling point compared to noncyclic alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms. This is due to the more rigid and more symmetrical structures that occur in cyclic systems. Cyclopropane and cyclobutane are gases at room temperature. Cyclopentane to cyclooctane are liquids at room temperature.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 12 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- 6. Draw the condensed structural diagram and then the line structural formula for each of the following. a. 3-ethyl-2,4-dimethylhexane b. 5-butyl-2,5-dimethyldecane c. 4,6-diethyl-2,3,6-trimethylnonane d. 4-propylheptanearrow_forwardThe structural formula of benzene is often represented as a ________. A. ring of six carbon atoms with a circle in the center B. ring of six carbon atoms with six double bonds C. cycloalkane D. ring of five carbon atomsarrow_forwardCH3 is: 14. A correct IUPAC name for CH3 a. 1,4-dimethylpentane b. 1,4-dimethylcyclopentane c. 1,3-dimethylpentane d. 1,3-dimethylcyclopentanearrow_forward
- 1. Identify the SYSTEMATIC name of the aliphatic hydrocarbon a. 1-pentenyicyclopentane b. 1-cyclopentylpent-2-yne c. 1-pentenecyclopent-2-yne d. 1-pentenyicyclopentane 2. Identify the SYSTEMATIC name of the aliphatic hydrocarbon a. Trans-1,2-propylcyclopropane b. Trans-1,2-diisopropylcyclopropane c. Cis-1,2-propylcyclopropane d. Cis-1,2-diisopropylcyclopropane 3. Identify the SYSTEMATIC name of the aliphatic hydrocarbon 3,10-dimethyl-2-decacen-6-yne 3,10-dimethyl-2-dodocen-6-yne 3,10-dimethyl-10-decacen-6-yne d. 3,10-dimethyl-10-dodocen-6-yne a. b. C. 4. Identify which type of isomer the following structures represent HO a. Skeletal Isomer b. E/Z isomer c. Cis/Trans isomer OH OH d. Positional isomer 5. Identify which type of isomer the following structures represent a. Skeletal Isomer Br b. E/Z isomer c Cis/Trans isomer Br d. Positional isomerarrow_forward16. What is the IUPAC name of this hydrocarbon? trans-5-methyl-2-heptene b. cis-5-ethyl-2-hexene trans-3-methyl-5-heptene d. cis-2-ethyl-5-hexene a. c.arrow_forward11. The IUPÁC name for CH,CH; is CH3-CH-CH, -CH; a. 2-ethylbutane b. 2-methylbutane c. 3-methylpentane d. 3-ethylbutanearrow_forward
- 1. Which of the following fuel has the lowest heat of combustion?a.Methaneb.Octanec.Coald.Ethanol 2. What is the process of breaking larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones at low temperature through the use of catalyst in order to obtain higher quality of gasoline?a.Thermal crackingb.Catalytic crackingc.Catalytic reformingd.Catalytic combination 3. What is the most common oxidizing agent available in the atmosphere that can be used to generate fire?a.hydrogen peroxideb.oxygenc.ozoned.nitrous oxidearrow_forward2. What is the IUPAC name of the following compound? CH3 a. 2,4-dimethylhexane b. 2-ethyl-4-methylpentane c. 2,4-methylhexane d. 3,5-dimethylhexane e. 2,4-octane H3C-CH-CH2-CH–CH2-CH3 ČH3arrow_forward
- Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning