Chapter 11, Problem 71A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The element with the smallest atomic radius needs to be determined using the trends in the periodic table.

Concept Introduction:

An atomic radius is calculated by taking the distance between two adjacent atoms of the same element and divided by 2 in a molecule.

Answer to Problem 71A

Fluorine (F) has the smallest atomic radius.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic radius of atoms increases when we go from top to bottom in a group.

Fluorine is the element of the 17^th group. It is the first member and radius increase when we move downwards. So, the size of fluorine is the smallest.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The element with the smallest atomic radius needs to be determined using the trends in the periodic table.

Concept Introduction:

An atomic radius can be defined as half the distance between two adjacent atoms of the same element in a molecule.

Answer to Problem 71A

Xenon (Xe) has the smallest atomic radius.

Explanation of Solution

As we move along a period, nuclear charge increases and the size of the atoms decreases.

Since Xe is extreme right in period 5 and it has the smallest atomic radius.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The element with the smallest atomic radius needs to be determined using the trends in the periodic table.

Concept Introduction:

An atomic radius can be defined as half the distance between two adjacent atoms of the same element in a molecule.

Answer to Problem 71A

Neon (Ne) has the smallest atomic radius.

Explanation of Solution

The atomic radius of atoms increases when we move from top to bottom within a group.

Neon is the element of the 18^th group. The radius increases when we move downwards. So, the size of neon is the smallest.