The following data (in picture) were reported in a 2004 Journal of the National Cancer Institute article on recent developments in the tobacco epidemiology story in regards to lung cancer morbidity associated with "involuntary smoking" (final author, Richard Doll).
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- A study was conducted to compare two treatments methods for smokers who wish to stop smoking. The 300 smokers were divided between the two methods, with the following results:TreatmentsStopped smokingSmoke lessSmoke the sameTreatment A443868Treatment B334275Test at a 5% level of significance whether the data suggests that the two treatments are equally effective in helping smokers stop smoking.220. A randomized clinical trial is conducted to assess the efficacy of a new smoking cessation therapy. A total of 2000 patients are enrolled. One thousand patients are randomly assigned to the new treatment group, and 1000 patients are randomly assigned to a conventional treatment group. At 1 year follow-up, results show: New Treatment Conventional Treatment Successful Cessation F. 40 G. 100 H. 1000 100 200 600 I Unsuccessful cassation 600 800 According to these results, how many patients would need to be treated for 1 year with the new therapy to achieve smoking cessation in one additional patient? A 11 Total 1000 1000 2000 Search L OL 221. A patient comes to the physician because in church he has begun falling every time he closes his eyes while standing for prayer. He has also noted progressive difficulty walking: he lifts each font high and stamps it forcefully on the ground with each sten He must watch his feet H L L CO NOD □The evidence to support a causal relationship between smoking and ischemic heart disease based on a prospective cohort study is necessary because this design allows for ascertaining the one of the important guidelines to judge causality. reliability who is a smoker temporal relationship (temporality) between smoking and ischemic heart disease ☐ proof of evidence
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