Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 3, Problem 4Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The direction of bicarbonate buffer (system) shift in the case of severe diarrhea, and also, to name the resulting condition.
Introduction:
When abnormal fluid secretion occurs in small bowe, lhis results into secretory diarrhea. In such condition, dehydration is caused as sodium absorption by villi becomes impaired while chloride ion secretion in crypts is increased. This results in the loss of water and salt from the body.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Severe diarrhea is one of the most causes of death in young children. One of the principal effects of diarrhea is the excretion of large quantities of sodium bicarbonate. In which direction does the bicarbonate buffer system shift under this circumstance? What is the resulting condition called?
Nearly all renal diseases result in hypertension. In fact, some clinicians have a 'rule' that states "unexplained hypertension is always a result of a problem with the kidneys until proven otherwise". Briefly explain why hypertension occurs in renal disease.
which blood pH would cause the kidneys specifically the collecting ducts to excrete bicarbonate (HCO3-) into the blood? note: this works through the carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer system. Basic, acidic, or neutral.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1QCh. 3 - Prob. 2QCh. 3 - Prob. 3QCh. 3 - Prob. 4QCh. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - Prob. 2RQCh. 3 - Prob. 3RQCh. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Prob. 6RQ
Ch. 3 - Prob. 7RQCh. 3 - Prob. 8RQCh. 3 - Prob. 9RQCh. 3 - Prob. 10RQCh. 3 - Prob. 11RQCh. 3 - Prob. 12RQCh. 3 - Prob. 13RQCh. 3 - Prob. 14RQCh. 3 - Prob. 15RQCh. 3 - Prob. 16RQCh. 3 - Prob. 17RQCh. 3 - Prob. 18RQCh. 3 - Prob. 19RQCh. 3 - Prob. 20RQCh. 3 - Prob. 21RQCh. 3 - Prob. 22RQCh. 3 - Prob. 23RQCh. 3 - Prob. 24RQCh. 3 - Prob. 25RQCh. 3 - Prob. 26RQCh. 3 - Prob. 27RQCh. 3 - Prob. 28RQCh. 3 - Prob. 29RQCh. 3 - Prob. 30RQCh. 3 - Prob. 31RQCh. 3 - Prob. 32RQCh. 3 - Prob. 33RQCh. 3 - Prob. 34RQCh. 3 - Prob. 35RQCh. 3 - Prob. 36FBCh. 3 - Prob. 37FBCh. 3 - Prob. 38FBCh. 3 - Prob. 39FBCh. 3 - Prob. 40FBCh. 3 - Prob. 41FBCh. 3 - Prob. 42FBCh. 3 - Prob. 43FBCh. 3 - Prob. 44FBCh. 3 - Prob. 45FBCh. 3 - Prob. 46SACh. 3 - Prob. 47SACh. 3 - Prob. 48SACh. 3 - Prob. 49SACh. 3 - Prob. 50SACh. 3 - Prob. 51TQCh. 3 - Prob. 52TQCh. 3 - Prob. 53TQCh. 3 - Prob. 54TQCh. 3 - Prob. 55TQCh. 3 - Prob. 56TQCh. 3 - Prob. 57TQCh. 3 - Prob. 58TQCh. 3 - Prob. 59TQCh. 3 - Prob. 60TQCh. 3 - Prob. 61TQCh. 3 - Prob. 62TQCh. 3 - Prob. 63TQCh. 3 - Prob. 64TQCh. 3 - Prob. 65TQCh. 3 - Prob. 66TQCh. 3 - Prob. 67TQCh. 3 - Prob. 68TQCh. 3 - Prob. 69TQCh. 3 - Prob. 70TQCh. 3 - Prob. 71TQCh. 3 - Prob. 72TQCh. 3 - Prob. 73TQCh. 3 - Prob. 74TQCh. 3 - Prob. 75TQCh. 3 - Prob. 76TQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A urinalysis reveals that the patients urine contains glucose, hemoglobin, and white blood cells (pus). Are any of these substances abnormal in urine? Explain.arrow_forwarddrugs known as potassium-sparing diuretics work by blocking the effects of aldosterone on the kidney. what effect would these drugs have on the amount of urine produced, on the blood pressure, and on potassium ion concentration in the blood? could these drugs have a negative impact on the acid-base balance of the body? explain.arrow_forwardPlease help me with these questions, more than one answer may be correct for each:1) Which of the following statements are true about the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis? A) Angiotensin II stimulates production of aldosterone, which increases sodium reabsorption B) Renin converts angiotensinogen to angotensin I C) Angiotensin II stimulates production of vasopressin, which increases aquaporins in the collecting duct D) Vasopressin decreases thirst E) Renin lowers GFR 2) The purpose of excretion is to A) maintain internal pH B) remove harmful substances C) maintain plasma volume D) maintain osmotic balance E) maintain internal solute concentrationarrow_forward
- A physician calls the laboratory and asks what lab tests should be requested to assess the acid-base balance function of a patient's renal system. You reply: 1) Serum rennin and erythropoietin 2) Serum creatinine, serum urea, serum uric acid, and creatinine clearance 3) Serum bilirubin (conjugated and total), urine urobilinogen 4) Serum bicarbonate and blood pH no references, just homeworkarrow_forwardDescribe the three processes involved in urine formation: filtration, secretion and reabsorption. Discuss the formula: E = F – R + S.arrow_forwardAcetazolamide is a diuretic that blocks the activity of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase inside kidney tubule cells. This blockage prevents theformation of carbonic acid from CO2 and water. Normally, carbonicacid dissociates to form H+ and HCO3−, and the H+ is exchanged forNa+ from the urine. Blocking the formation of H+ in the tubule cellsblocks Na+ reabsorption, thus inhibiting water reabsorption andproducing the diuretic effect. With this information in mind, what effectdoes acetazolamide have on blood pH, urine pH, and respiratory rate?arrow_forward
- Metabolic alkalosis refers to a process whereupon decreased hydrogen ion, or increased bicarbonate, concentrations occur in the body, and the blood pH becomes too basic. Answer the following questions: How does the body regain its acid-base equilibria/balance? What happens when that balance does not happen? Will a buffer system still work under these conditions?arrow_forwardAll the following are expected to cause water-retention induced hyponatremia EXCEPT: O a. Renal failure. O b. Congestive cardiac failure (CCF). Oc. Cushing's syndrome. O d. SIADarrow_forwardRenin is secreted in response to hypovolemia or to an increase in the osmolality of the blood. Provide three possible mechanisms by which these conditions may stimulate rennin secretion. What are the consequences of increased rennin secretion that lead to increased aldosterone secretion? Present this sequence of events. Why are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) used as a common therapy for hypertension? How do they influence blood pressure? Are plasma levels of renin elevated or depressed in a patient with Conn’s disease? Why?arrow_forward
- The blood flow to the kidneys is transiently reduced during acute renal ischemia. How a decrease in blood flow to kidneys affects the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sodium absorption, and blood pressure. Describe how decreased blood flow is detected in the kidneys, and how it affects renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone secretion, sodium and fluid retention, and blood pressure.arrow_forwardA patient has essential hypertension, and with a healthy lifestyle and medication, he is able to maintain normal blood pressure on a single antihypertensive medication. The medication he takes is called an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, or ACE inhibitor, which blocks the activation of angiotensin II. Describe at least two mechanisms by which angiotensin II targets the kidneys to increase extracellular fluid volume and, therefore, increase blood pressure.arrow_forwardRead the following statements separately and decide whether the statements are correct and correctly connected:i) The loop diuretic, furosemide, causes preload reductionbecauseii) Furosemide increases excretion of potassium ions Group of answer choices Only statement ii) is correct Both statements and their connection are correct Both statements are incorrect Both statements are correct but the connection is incorrect Only statement i) is correctarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning