Chapter 9, Problem 73A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The balanced chemical equation should be written for the given reaction

  $\text{iron}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{fluorine}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{iron}\left(\text{III}\right)\text{fluoride}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Concept Introduction: Balanced chemical equation is the chemical equation in which atoms of every element is equal on both sides of the reaction, that is, the product side and reactant side. This chemical equation follows the law of conservation of mass.

Answer to Problem 73A

The balanced skeleton equation of the reaction,

  $\text{iron}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{fluorine}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{iron}\left(\text{III}\right)\text{fluoride}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

  $\text{2Fe}\left(s\right){\text{+3F}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)\to {\text{2FeF}}_{\text{3}}\left(s\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation of the reaction,

  $\text{iron}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{fluorine}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{iron}\left(\text{III}\right)\text{fluoride}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is

  $\text{Fe}\left(s\right){\text{+F}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)\to {\text{FeF}}_{\text{3}}\left(s\right)$

The above equation is not balanced. To balance the Fe atoms in the equation, add coefficient 2 for Fe and 3 for fluorine and add 2 before the compound ${\text{FeF}}_{\text{3}}$ . So, the balanced skeleton equation of the reaction will be,

  $\text{2Fe}\left(s\right){\text{+3F}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)\to {\text{2FeF}}_{\text{3}}\left(s\right)$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The balanced chemical equation should be written for the given reaction.

  $\text{sulfur}\text{trioxide}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}\text{water}\left(\text{l}\right)\to \text{sulfuric}\text{acid}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

Concept Introduction: Balanced chemical equation is the chemical equation in which atoms of every element is equal on both sides of the reaction, that is, the product side and reactant side. This chemical equation follows the law of conservation of mass.

Answer to Problem 73A

The balanced skeleton equation of the reaction,

  $\text{sulfur}\text{trioxide}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}\text{water}\left(\text{l}\right)\to \text{sulfuric}\text{acid}\left(\text{aq}\right)$ is,

  ${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\to {\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation of the reaction,

  $\text{sulfur}\text{trioxide}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}\text{water}\left(\text{l}\right)\to \text{sulfuric}\text{acid}\left(\text{aq}\right)$ is,

  ${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\to {\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$ which is already balanced.

Therefore, the balanced skeleton equation of the reaction will be,

  ${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{g}\right)\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\to {\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The balanced chemical equation should be written for the given reaction.

  $\text{sodium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{sodium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Concept Introduction: Balanced chemical equation is the chemical equation in which atoms of every element is equal on both sides of the reaction, that is, the product side and reactant side. This chemical equation follows the law of conservation of mass.

Answer to Problem 73A

The balanced skeleton equation of the reaction,

  $\text{sodium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{sodium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

  $\text{Na}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+MgI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{NaI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Mg}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation of the reaction,

  $\text{sodium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{sodium}\text{iodide}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+}\text{magnesium}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

  $\text{Na}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+MgI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{NaI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Mg}\left(\text{s}\right)$ which is already balanced.

Therefore, the balanced skeleton equation of the reaction is,

  $\text{Na}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+MgI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\to \text{NaI}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Mg}\left(\text{s}\right)$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The balanced chemical equation should be written for the given reaction.

  $\text{vanadium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{oxygen}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{vanadium}\left(\text{v}\right)\text{oxide}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Concept Introduction: Balanced chemical equation is the chemical equation in which atoms of every element is equal on both sides of the reaction, that is, the product side and reactant side. This chemical equation follows the law of conservation of mass.

Answer to Problem 73A

The balanced skeleton equation of the reaction is,

  $\text{vanadium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{oxygen}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{vanadium}\left(\text{v}\right)\text{oxide}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

  $\text{2V}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\frac{5}{2}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(excess)}\stackrel{\Delta }{\to }{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{5}}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton equation of the reaction,

  $\text{vanadium}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\text{oxygen}\left(\text{g}\right)\to \text{vanadium}\left(\text{v}\right)\text{oxide}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

  $\text{V}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(excess)}\stackrel{\Delta }{\to }{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{5}}\left(\text{s}\right)$

To balance the above reaction give coefficient 2 to V and $\frac{5}{2}$ to O₂.

Therefore, the balanced skeleton equation of the reaction is,

  $\text{2V}\left(\text{s}\right)\text{+}\frac{5}{2}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\text{(excess)}\stackrel{\Delta }{\to }{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{5}}\left(\text{s}\right)$