Chapter 9, Problem 130A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The element with the following electronic configuration needs to be identified.

${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3d}}^{\text{10}}{\text{4p}}^{\text{5}}$

Concept introduction:

An element's electron configuration determines how its atomic orbitals exchange electrons. Electron configurations of atoms follow a standard representation in which all atomic sub-shells containing electrons are grouped in a series.

Answer to Problem 130A

The element is Bromine.

Explanation of Solution

The given electron configuration is ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3d}}^{\text{10}}{\text{4p}}^{\text{5}}$.

It shows that atomic number of the element is 35. Therefore, the element which has atomic number 35 in the periodic table is bromine.

Thus, the given electronic configuration represents element bromine.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The element needs to be identified with the following electronic configuration.

$\left[\text{Ne}\right]3{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^4$

Concept introduction:

An element's electron configuration determines how its atomic orbitals exchange electrons. Electron configurations of atoms follow a standard representation in which all atomic sub-shells containing electrons are grouped in a series.

Answer to Problem 130A

The element is Sulfur.

Explanation of Solution

The given electron configuration is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^4$. Atomic number of neon is 10. Hence, atomic number of the element is 16. Therefore, the element which has atomic number 16 in the periodic table is sulfur.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The element with the given electronic configuration needs to be determined.

$\left[\text{Xe}\right]{\text{6s}}^{\text{2}}$

Concept introduction:

An element's electron configuration determines how its atomic orbitals exchange electrons. Electron configurations of atoms follow a standard representation in which all atomic sub-shells containing electrons are grouped in a series.

Answer to Problem 130A

The element is Barium.

Explanation of Solution

The given electron configuration is $\left[\text{Xe}\right]{\text{6s}}^{\text{2}}$. Atomic number of Xe is 54. Therefore, atomic number of the element is 56. Element which has atomic number 56 in periodic table is barium.