The behavior of a metal gold when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained. Concept introduction: Types of solids and their properties: Ionic solid Metallic Solid Molecular Solid Network Solid Amorphous Solid Formed from Reactive metals and reactive non metals Elements that are metals Non-metals combined with non-metals Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen A broad range of elements and compounds Structural units Ions(positive and negative ions) Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron) Molecules Atoms Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order Forces holding units together Ionic bonding Metallic bonding London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds Covalent bonds Covalent bonds Typical properties Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor Examples N a C l , K 2 S O 4 , C a C l 2 Iron, silver, copper, nickel H 2 , I 2 , O 2 , H 2 O , C O 2 Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica Glass, nylon, polyethylene

Question

At room temperature, the edge length of the cubic unit cell in elemental silicon is 5.431 Å, and the density of silicon at the same temperature is 2.328 g cm-3 . Each cubic unit cell contains eight silicon atoms. Using only these facts, perform the following operations.(a) Calculate the volume (in cubic centimeters) of one unit cell.(b) Calculate the mass (in grams) of silicon present in a unit cell.(c) Calculate the mass (in grams) of an atom of silicon.(d) The mass of an atom of silicon is 28.0855 u. Estimate Avogadro’s number to four significant figures.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 51QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a metal gold when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Types of solids and their properties:

Ionic solid Metallic Solid Molecular Solid Network Solid Amorphous Solid
Formed from Reactive metals and reactive non metals Elements that are metals Non-metals combined with non-metals Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen A broad range of elements and compounds
Structural units Ions(positive and negative ions) Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron) Molecules Atoms Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order
Forces holding units together Ionic bonding Metallic bonding London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds Covalent bonds Covalent bonds
Typical properties Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor
Examples NaCl, K2SO4, CaCl2 Iron, silver, copper, nickel H2, I2, O2, H2O, CO2 Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica Glass, nylon, polyethylene

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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At room temperature, the edge length of the cubic unit cell in elemental silicon is 5.431 Å, and the density of silicon at the same temperature is 2.328 g cm-3 . Each cubic unit cell contains eight silicon atoms. Using only these facts, perform the following operations.(a) Calculate the volume (in cubic centimeters) of one unit cell.(b) Calculate the mass (in grams) of silicon present in a unit cell.(c) Calculate the mass (in grams) of an atom of silicon.(d) The mass of an atom of silicon is 28.0855 u. Estimate Avogadro’s number to four significant figures.

(a) Draw a picture that represents a crystalline solid at theatomic level. (b) Now draw a picture that represents anamorphous solid at the atomic level.

4. Lithium bromide crystalizes as shown (right) where the lithium ions are represented as white circles and the bromide ions are represented as filled circles. Give all answers to four significant figures. (a) What is the mass of one unit cell in grams? (b) If the density of LiBr is 3.464 g/mL, what is the edge length of the unit cell in pm? (c) Calculate the Li-Br distance in the crystal structure in pm.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 51QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a metal gold when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Types of solids and their properties:

Ionic solid Metallic Solid Molecular Solid Network Solid Amorphous Solid
Formed from Reactive metals and reactive non metals Elements that are metals Non-metals combined with non-metals Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen A broad range of elements and compounds
Structural units Ions(positive and negative ions) Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron) Molecules Atoms Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order
Forces holding units together Ionic bonding Metallic bonding London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds Covalent bonds Covalent bonds
Typical properties Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor
Examples NaCl, K2SO4, CaCl2 Iron, silver, copper, nickel H2, I2, O2, H2O, CO2 Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica Glass, nylon, polyethylene

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 51QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a metal gold when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Types of solids and their properties:

Ionic solid Metallic Solid Molecular Solid Network Solid Amorphous Solid
Formed from Reactive metals and reactive non metals Elements that are metals Non-metals combined with non-metals Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen A broad range of elements and compounds
Structural units Ions(positive and negative ions) Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron) Molecules Atoms Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order
Forces holding units together Ionic bonding Metallic bonding London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds Covalent bonds Covalent bonds
Typical properties Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor
Examples NaCl, K2SO4, CaCl2 Iron, silver, copper, nickel H2, I2, O2, H2O, CO2 Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica Glass, nylon, polyethylene

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 51QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a metal gold when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Types of solids and their properties:

Ionic solid Metallic Solid Molecular Solid Network Solid Amorphous Solid
Formed from Reactive metals and reactive non metals Elements that are metals Non-metals combined with non-metals Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen A broad range of elements and compounds
Structural units Ions(positive and negative ions) Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron) Molecules Atoms Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order
Forces holding units together Ionic bonding Metallic bonding London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds Covalent bonds Covalent bonds
Typical properties Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor
Examples NaCl, K2SO4, CaCl2 Iron, silver, copper, nickel H2, I2, O2, H2O, CO2 Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica Glass, nylon, polyethylene

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 51QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a metal gold when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Types of solids and their properties:

Ionic solid Metallic Solid Molecular Solid Network Solid Amorphous Solid
Formed from Reactive metals and reactive non metals Elements that are metals Non-metals combined with non-metals Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen A broad range of elements and compounds
Structural units Ions(positive and negative ions) Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron) Molecules Atoms Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order
Forces holding units together Ionic bonding Metallic bonding London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds Covalent bonds Covalent bonds
Typical properties Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor
Examples NaCl, K2SO4, CaCl2 Iron, silver, copper, nickel H2, I2, O2, H2O, CO2 Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica Glass, nylon, polyethylene

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 51QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a metal gold when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Types of solids and their properties:

Ionic solid Metallic Solid Molecular Solid Network Solid Amorphous Solid
Formed from Reactive metals and reactive non metals Elements that are metals Non-metals combined with non-metals Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen A broad range of elements and compounds
Structural units Ions(positive and negative ions) Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron) Molecules Atoms Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order
Forces holding units together Ionic bonding Metallic bonding London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds Covalent bonds Covalent bonds
Typical properties Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor
Examples NaCl, K2SO4, CaCl2 Iron, silver, copper, nickel H2, I2, O2, H2O, CO2 Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica Glass, nylon, polyethylene

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 51QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a metal gold when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Types of solids and their properties:

Ionic solid Metallic Solid Molecular Solid Network Solid Amorphous Solid
Formed from Reactive metals and reactive non metals Elements that are metals Non-metals combined with non-metals Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen A broad range of elements and compounds
Structural units Ions(positive and negative ions) Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron) Molecules Atoms Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order
Forces holding units together Ionic bonding Metallic bonding London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds Covalent bonds Covalent bonds
Typical properties Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor
Examples NaCl, K2SO4, CaCl2 Iron, silver, copper, nickel H2, I2, O2, H2O, CO2 Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica Glass, nylon, polyethylene

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 23

Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 9.1CE Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 9.2CE Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 9.1PSP Ch. 9.2 - What mass (g) of ethanol, CH3CH2OH(), can be...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 9.3CE Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 9.4CE Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 9.3PSP Ch. 9.4 - What types of solids are these substances? (a) The...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 9.5PSP Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 9.5E

Solution Summary: The author explains the behavior of a metal such as gold when deformed by hammer strike and the reason behind it.

Videos

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Chapter 9 Solutions

	Ionic solid	Metallic Solid	Molecular Solid	Network Solid	Amorphous Solid
Formed from	Reactive metals and reactive non metals	Elements that are metals	Non-metals combined with non-metals	Group IVA elements; many compounds containing silicon and oxygen	A broad range of elements and compounds
Structural units	Ions(positive and negative ions)	Metal atoms(Kernels in sea of electron)	Molecules	Atoms	Covalently bonded networks of atoms or collections of large molecules with short-range order
Forces holding units together	Ionic bonding	Metallic bonding	London forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds	Covalent bonds	Covalent bonds
Typical properties	Hard and brittle, high melting point, poor conductor in solid state but good conductor in molten state, poor thermal conductor	Malleable and ductile, good electrical and thermal conductor, wide range of hardness and melting point	Low to moderately high melting point and boiling point, soft, poor thermal and electrical conductor	Wide range of hardness and melting point, poor thermal and electrical conductor	Non crystalline, high melting point, poor electrical conductor
Examples	NaCl, K2SO4, CaCl2	Iron, silver, copper, nickel	H2, I2, O2, H2O, CO2	Graphite, diamond, quartz, mica	Glass, nylon, polyethylene

Solution Summary: The author explains the behavior of a metal such as gold when deformed by hammer strike and the reason behind it.

Videos

Interpretation: The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained. Concept introduction: Refer to part (a).

Interpretation: The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained. Concept introduction: Refer to part (a).

Chapter 9 Solutions

Interpretation:

The behavior of a nonmetal sulfur when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Interpretation:

The behavior of an ionic compound, such as NaCl when deformed by a hammer strike has to be described and also a reason behind this behavior has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a).