Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 7MCQ
Mechanism by which the presence of glucose inhibits the lac operon.
Use the following choices to answer questions 7 and 8.
- a. catabolite repression
- b. DNA polymerase
- c. induction
- d. repression
- e. translation
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Define the following terms: a. promoter b. consensus sequence c. operon d. chromatin-remodeling complex e. general transcription factors
There is Hyaluronic acid synthesis occuring in Group X Strep and it is controlled by an operon with 3 genes, called hasXYZ. Based on the 3-line diagram model,
a. How many ribosome binding sites are there for the protein?
b. How many promoters are there for the genes?
c. How many start codons are there for the protein?
d. How many RNA Polymerase binding locations are there for the genes?
e. How many proteins will be fully functional?
f. How many mRNA strands are made?
Answer this 3 part question:
(MC) What is the function of lactose in regulation of the lac operon?
1. activates a repressor protein
2. activates an activator protein
3. inactivates a repressor protein
4. inactivates an activator protein
Consider a bacterial strain with a lac operon
Р. О
Y
A
a) Mention which parts of the DNA region shown in the diagram encode for
• Enzyme proteins?
• Operator
• Promoter
• Repressor gene
b) Where would the lac repressor be bound in a E. coli cell that is growing in (
• high lactose?
No lactose
Chapter 8 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 8 - Briefly describe the components of DNA, and...Ch. 8 - DRAW IT Identify and mark each of the following on...Ch. 8 - Match the following examples of mutagens. Column A...Ch. 8 - The following is a code for a strand of DNA. a....Ch. 8 - Prob. 5RCh. 8 - Identify when (before transcription, after...Ch. 8 - Which sequence is the best target for damage by UV...Ch. 8 - You are provided with cultures with the following...Ch. 8 - Why are mutation and recombination important in...Ch. 8 - NAME IT Normally a commensal in the human...
Ch. 8 - Match the following terms to the definitions in...Ch. 8 - Match the following terms to the definitions in...Ch. 8 - Feedback inhibition differs from repression...Ch. 8 - Bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance by all...Ch. 8 - Suppose you inoculate three flasks of minimal...Ch. 8 - Plasmids differ from transposons in that plasmids...Ch. 8 - Mechanism by which the presence of glucose...Ch. 8 - The mechanism by which lactose controls the lac...Ch. 8 - Two offspring cells are most likely to inherit...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is not a method of...Ch. 8 - Nucleoside analogs and ionizing radiation are used...Ch. 8 - Replication of the E. coli chromosome takes 40 to...Ch. 8 - Pseudomonas has a plasmid containing the mer...Ch. 8 - Ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and acyclovir are...Ch. 8 - HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, was isolated from...Ch. 8 - Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) is common in parts of...
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- Define the following in the context of operons: a. positive control b. give an example of an operon that is under positive control c. negative control d. give an example of an operon that is under negative control e. repressor f. give an example of a repressor molecule g. activator h. give an example of an activatorarrow_forwardA researcher was trying to determine whether two molecules(A nd B) were corepressors or inducers in their respective operon systems. Data was collected regarding the levels of protein and the amount of gene transcription for the genes in theri respectiver operons. The data is shown below. Level of protein Transcription of gene 1 low Transcription of gene 2 Molecule A High low Low high high Molecule B High high high Low low lowarrow_forwardhe bands indicated by arrow "A" (to the left of the western blot) most likely represent: A. PX-HA lacking any post-translational modifications. B. dephosphorylated PX-HA. C. phosphorylated PX-HA. D. PX-HA with its N-terminal signal sequence still attached. E. glycosylated PX-HA.arrow_forward
- Which statement about the transcription attenuation mechanism is TRUE? 1.In some operons (e.g., the his operon), attenuation may be the only regulatory mechanism. 2. Sequences of the trp operon leader RNA resemble an operator. 3. The leader peptide acts by a mechanism that is similar to that of a repressor protein. 4.The leader peptide gene of the trp operon includes no Trp codons. 5. The leader peptide is an enzyme that catalyzes transcription attenuation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following describes the lac operon in E. coli when lactose and glucose is present in the culture medium? Select one: a. CAP inactive and RNA polymerase does not completely bind to the promoter of the lac operon and transcription of lactose-metabolizing enzymes decreases. b. CAP is active and RNA polymerase binds completely to the promoter of the lac operon and transcription of lactose-metabolizing enzymes decreases. c. Catabolite activator protein (CAP) inactive and RNA polymerase does not completely bind to the promoter of the lac operon and transcription of lactose-metabolizing enzymes increases. d. CAP is active and RNA polymerase binds completely to the promoter of the lac operon and transcription of lactose-metabolizing enzymes increases.arrow_forwardThe streptolysin S toxin made by S. pyogenes is encoded by a 9-gene operon, sagABCDEFGHI. Thinking about what a 3-line diagram would look like for this operon, answer the following questions. Write numeric answers only. For example, if your answer is 6 promoters, write only 6. 1) How many promoters control the expression of these genes? 2) How many locations does RNA Polymerase bind to get full expression of these genes? 3) How many ribosome binding sites are needed for full protein expression? 4) How many start codons will be needed for full protein expression? 5) How many mRNA strands will be produced with full operon expression? 6) How many proteins will be produced with full protein expression? 1arrow_forward
- In the trp operon, if a mutation occurred in the gene for the repressor so that it could bind to the operator even in the absence of tryptophan____________. a) the inducer cannot bind trpO, so operon gene transcription occurs b) the active repressor cannot bind trpO, so operon gene transcription is attenuated c)the active repressor binds tpO, so operon gene transcription is always repressed d) the repressor binds the corepressor, and operon gene transcription occurs.arrow_forwardDescribe the following a. Core enzyme RNA polymerase b. Sigma factor c. Promoter consensus sequence d. Rho Dependent Factor e. Intrinsic Factor f. Abortive Initiationarrow_forwardDecide which operon each of the following characteristics applies to. Note: a description may apply to both. a. lac operon b. trp operon 68. repressible 69. Turned off when end product is present (feedback inhibition) 70. Promoter, activator region, and 3 genes 71. Repressible 72. contain operator and promoter regions as well as transcript units of at least two or more coding genes 73. Codes for catabolic enzymes that break down lactose 74. Inducible 75. Promoter, activator region, and 5 genes 76. Codes for anabolic enzymes that help manufacture tryptophan 77. Lactose is the co-inducer 78. Turned on when substrate is present 79. Tryptophan is the co-repressor 80. Regulatory gene segmentsarrow_forward
- If a wild-type (normal, NOTmutated) E. coli strain is grown in a medium: a. without lactose or glucose, how many proteins (and which ones) are bound to the lac operon? b. Without lactose, but with glucose, how many proteins (and which ones) are bound to the lac operon??arrow_forwardAnswer the following questions: 1. Given the following genotypes, explain how the mutation (identified by a () superscript will affect E. coli grown in lactose medium. Will the lac operon be on or off? Will there be a complete set of gene products from the loc operon? What will be the implication of the missing gene product, if ever? Will the cell be able to survive in the lactose medium or not? a. p' oE Y b. p'o Y d. po varrow_forwardPredict the effect on the activity of the lac operon of a mutation that disrupts the function of: a) the cap gene, which encodes the CAP protein. b) the CAP-binding site.arrow_forward
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