Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 8, Problem 44Q
To determine
The mass of 70 Virgins and to compare this value to the mass of the Sun.
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(Astronomy)
Binary Pulsar.
Part A: Use the orbital period 27 min for the binary pulsar (two neutron stars orbit each other) to find the orbital separation of the pair in AU and solar radii. Assume a neutron star's mass is 3 solar masses. (Hints: Use the version of Kepler's third law for binary stars.)
Part B: Is this system orbiting closer or further than Mercury is to the Sun?
Exoplanet orbital period (b)
For the system pictured in the previous problem (and using data given there), suppose that the star
has a mass of 0.025 solar masses, and the planet's mass is very small in comparison. Compute the
planet's orbit period. Assume the orbit is circular with a radius given by the distance listed in the
figure. Express your answer in years.
[Hint: this is a mildly challenging problem that requires plugging into a single formula but using
multiple unit conversions. You will need to use Kepler's 3rd law in its **general** form (not the
simplified form that is only applicable to objects orbiting our Sun). You will need to look up the
value of the constant G. Convert solar masses to kg, AU to m, and everything else to base Sl units;
find the period in seconds; then convert seconds to years.]
White Dwarf Size II. The white dwarf, Sirius B, contains 0.98 solar mass, and its density is about 2 x 106 g/cm?. Find the radius of the white dwarf in km to three significant digits. (Hint: Density = mass/volume, and the volume of a
4
sphere is Tr.)
3
km
Compare your answer with the radii of the planets listed in the Table A-10. Which planet is this white dwarf is closely equal to in size?
I Table A-10 I Properties of the Planets
ORBITAL PROPERTIES
Semimajor Axis (a)
Orbital Period (P)
Average Orbital
Velocity (km/s)
Orbital
Inclination
Planet
(AU)
(106 km)
(v)
(days)
Eccentricity
to Ecliptic
Mercury
0.387
57.9
0.241
88.0
47.9
0.206
7.0°
Venus
0.723
108
0.615
224.7
35.0
0.007
3.4°
Earth
1.00
150
1.00
365.3
29.8
0.017
Mars
1.52
228
1.88
687.0
24.1
0.093
1.8°
Jupiter
5.20
779
11.9
4332
13.1
0.049
1.30
Saturn
9.58
1433
29.5
10,759
9.7
0.056
2.5°
30,799
60,190
Uranus
19.23
2877
84.3
6.8
0.044
0.8°
Neptune
* By definition.
30.10
4503
164.8
5.4
0.011
1.8°
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (Earth = e)…
Chapter 8 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1QCh. 8 - Prob. 2QCh. 8 - Prob. 3QCh. 8 - Prob. 4QCh. 8 - Prob. 5QCh. 8 - Prob. 6QCh. 8 - Prob. 7QCh. 8 - Prob. 8QCh. 8 - Prob. 9QCh. 8 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11QCh. 8 - Prob. 12QCh. 8 - Prob. 13QCh. 8 - Prob. 14QCh. 8 - Prob. 15QCh. 8 - Prob. 16QCh. 8 - Prob. 17QCh. 8 - Prob. 18QCh. 8 - Prob. 19QCh. 8 - Prob. 20QCh. 8 - Prob. 21QCh. 8 - Prob. 22QCh. 8 - Prob. 23QCh. 8 - Prob. 24QCh. 8 - Prob. 25QCh. 8 - Prob. 26QCh. 8 - Prob. 27QCh. 8 - Prob. 28QCh. 8 - Prob. 29QCh. 8 - Prob. 30QCh. 8 - Prob. 31QCh. 8 - Prob. 32QCh. 8 - Prob. 33QCh. 8 - Prob. 34QCh. 8 - Prob. 35QCh. 8 - Prob. 36QCh. 8 - Prob. 37QCh. 8 - Prob. 38QCh. 8 - Prob. 39QCh. 8 - Prob. 40QCh. 8 - Prob. 41QCh. 8 - Prob. 42QCh. 8 - Prob. 43QCh. 8 - Prob. 44QCh. 8 - Prob. 45QCh. 8 - Prob. 46QCh. 8 - Prob. 47QCh. 8 - Prob. 48QCh. 8 - Prob. 49QCh. 8 - Prob. 50QCh. 8 - Prob. 51QCh. 8 - Prob. 52Q
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