Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134832302
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 4SA
Polypeptide synthesis requires large amounts of energy. How do cells regulate synthesis to conserve energy? Describe one specific example.
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What results in the alteration of amino acid sequences during polypeptide formation in protein synthesis?
A defective polypeptide may arise because of a change in its amino acid sequence
Despite the change in amino acid sequence, the polypeptide formed will always be functional and will never cause a disease.
The cell will have no other choice but to revert the faulty polypeptide into amino acids to undo its work.
The nucleus, by means of its powerful enzymes, will eventually destroy the damaged protein so that it will not wreak havoc in the cell.
Microfilaments work together with the protein blank to cause movement in cells. provide two examples:
a) How to transfer biological information in protein synthesis? What is the link between DNA and proteins? What role does RNA play in each? Explain the protein synthesis.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
Ch. 7 - DNA replication requires a large amount of energy,...Ch. 7 - In bacteria, polypeptide translation can begin...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 7 - Prob. 4TMWCh. 7 - Clinical Case Study Deadly Horizontal Gene...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is most likely the number...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is a true statement...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7 - Prob. 4MCCh. 7 - Prob. 5MC
Ch. 7 - Prob. 6MCCh. 7 - Prob. 7MCCh. 7 - Prob. 8MCCh. 7 - Prob. 9MCCh. 7 - Prob. 10MCCh. 7 - Which of the following is not a mechanism of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 12MCCh. 7 - Prob. 13MCCh. 7 - Which of the following are called jumping genes?...Ch. 7 - Prob. 15MCCh. 7 - Prob. 16MCCh. 7 - Prob. 17MCCh. 7 - Prob. 18MCCh. 7 - Prob. 19MCCh. 7 - Prob. 20MCCh. 7 - Prob. 21MCCh. 7 - Prob. 22MCCh. 7 - Prob. 23MCCh. 7 - Prob. 24MCCh. 7 - The trp operon is repressible. This means it is...Ch. 7 - The three steps in RNA transcription are...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 7 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 7 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 7 - An operon consists of ____________,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 7 - A daughter DNA molecule is composed of one...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 7 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 7 - ____________ is a recombination event that occurs...Ch. 7 - Prob. 11FIBCh. 7 - Prob. 12FIBCh. 7 - Prob. 1SACh. 7 - Prob. 2SACh. 7 - Prob. 3SACh. 7 - Polypeptide synthesis requires large amounts of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5SACh. 7 - Prob. 6SACh. 7 - Prob. 7SACh. 7 - Prob. 8SACh. 7 - Describe how DNA is packaged in both prokaryotes...Ch. 7 - Prob. 10SACh. 7 - Prob. 11SACh. 7 - Prob. 12SACh. 7 - On the figure below, label DNA polymerase I, DNA...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2VICh. 7 - Prob. 3VICh. 7 - If molecules of mRNA have the following nucleotide...Ch. 7 - A scientist uses a molecule of DNA composed of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3CTCh. 7 - Prob. 4CTCh. 7 - Prob. 5CTCh. 7 - Suppose that the E. coli gene for the lac operon...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7CTCh. 7 - Prob. 8CTCh. 7 - Prob. 9CTCh. 7 - How can knowledge of nucleotide analogs be useful...Ch. 7 - The endosymbiotic theory states that mitochondria...Ch. 7 - Prob. 12CTCh. 7 - Prob. 13CTCh. 7 - Prob. 14CTCh. 7 - What DNA nucleotide triplet codes for codon UGU?...Ch. 7 - Prob. 17CT
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- List the two mechanisms found in cells that selectively alter protein shape?arrow_forwardWhy is ti advantageous for a cell to expend metabolic energy to polymerize gulucose molecule.?arrow_forwardConsider the proteins in Figure 1. Assume they are treated with chymotrypsin to cut them into fragments, and then the fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis. What would the fragment patterns look like in the gel for the three different proteins, assuming we can separate polypeptides that differ in size by very small amounts? Complete Figure 2 below to show the location of the uncut polypeptides (- enzyme lanes) and the cut fragments (+ enzyme lanes).arrow_forward
- Consider the synthesis of a polypeptide by a ribosome of a prokaryote cell. As the polymerization of amino acids to form a polypeptide chain occurs and the molecule is still completely linear, what is the level of structure in the protein? a) primary, b) secondary, c) tertiary, d) quaternary, e) Because they are ionic, they only form crystals.arrow_forwardProtein structure and function: a) Name two common post-translational modifications of proteins in the cell that will affect their structure/function. b) What are prions? Briefly describe their structure and function. C) Explain the principles of protein folding and significance of urea and Bmercaptoethanol in the experimental procedures addressing this question.arrow_forwardWhen polynucleotides are synthesized with repeating triplets of nucleotide residues, from one to three kinds of polypeptide chains will be produced in cell-free synthesis. (a) Explain why these different results are possible. (b) Predict polypeptides produced when the following are used with an E. coli system: (GUA), (UUA),arrow_forward
- Many enzymes are switched "on" by attachment of a phosphate group at a specific serine somewhere on the protein (phosphorylation). The basic reaction is: E + ATP2 Ep + ADP Po SERINE PHOSPHO SERINC (Note the "squiggles" before the backone amide and carbonyl indicate the polypeptide chain continues on either side of the serine). For phosphorylation to have this effect, there has to be some equilibrium between inactive and active forms conformations of the enzyme: [Eactive] [Einactive] Einactive 2 Eactive; K* The same basic equilibrium must exist for the phosphorylated protein: [Ep,active] [Ep,inactive] EP,inactive 2 Ep,active; Kp = (a) If phosphorylation increases the measured activity of the enzyme, is K* or K larger? Why? (b) Does the phosphorylation site need to be near the site where the enzyme binds its substrate (e.g. the reactant whose chemistry it catalyzes)? Why or why not?arrow_forwardA single polypeptide chain houses the transferase and debranching enzyme. Cite a potential advantage of this arrangement.arrow_forwardAn American biochemist Erwin Chargaff discovered that in the cells of all organisms he studied, the amount of adenine is always equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of cytosine is always equal to the amount of guanine. Explain his findings.arrow_forward
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