Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 6.4, Problem 1HYEW
You may have seen the almost magical glow of fireflies. but did you know that plants can be bioengineered to glow in t he dark, too? The firefly’s natural glow comes from specialized cells in their abdomens that are bioluminescent. meaning that they produce light from biological reactions. These cells are rich in both ATP and the fluorescent chemical luciferin (L. lucifer, light-bringer). Luciferin and ATP serve as substrates for the enzyme luciferase. In the presence of oxygen, luciferase catalyzes a reaction that modifies luciferin, using the energy from ATP to boost electrons briefly into a higher-energy electron shell. As they fall back into their original shell, the electrons emit their excess energy as light.
If Plants Can Glow In the Dark?
Plants don’t naturally glow, but bioluminescence has been bioengineered into glowing Arabidopsis plants by the Glowing Plant team. First, the team ordered commercial luciferin and luciferase DNA synthesized from its computerized gene sequence. Then they implanted these genes into a special form of bacterial DNA that incorporates itself into plant cells. They used a “gene gun” to shoot microscopic particles coated with the modified bacterial DNA into masses of plant stem cells, which developed into plants. Choosing the brightest-glowing plants, the team harvested their seeds to grow new generations, whose seeds are now sold online to buyers who wish to brighten their abodes.
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Not all plants have leaves that are green. Zebrina sp. has purple leaves. However, these plants are still photoautotrophic and so contain all of the expected components of photosynthesis. Explain how it is possible that these leaves are purple and can photosynthesize when you know that the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll causes leaves to look green yet these are purple and not given.
In the light reactions of photosynthesis, electrons within the pigment molecules that are embedded in the plasma membranes of the thylakoids are hit by photons of sunlight. This dramatically increases the energy in these electrons. When photons of light strike electrons in other kinds of molecules, the electrons are raised to high energy levels, but immediately drop back down to their ground states, re-emitting the photons. However, in the light reactions, an excited electron is passed to an electron acceptor molecule before it can drop back down to its ground state. The excited electron is then passed from the primary electron receptor to the electron transport chain and eventually ends up as part of a glucose molecule. If the pigments in the thylakoid are continually passing their electrons to other molecules, how do the pigments replace their missing electrons?
To replace the missing electrons, an enzyme removes the two hydrogen atoms from a water molecule.…
It is biochemical reactions that enable organisms to harness sunlight to manufacture organic molecules?
It is a molecule whose high energy phosphate bonds power many biological processes?
This is a disk-like structure that makes up the inner membrane of a chloroplast?
These are plant pigments responsible for bright red, yellow and orange colors in many fruits and vegetables?
These are photosynthetic pigments efficient at absorbing orange, red, yellow, and green light, wavelengths that are not well absorbed by chlorophyll a?
TRUE OR FALSE
A coupled reaction is a pair of reactions, one exothermic and one endothermic.
ATP contains less energy than ADP.
In the ATP-ADP cycle, when the phosphate is removed, energy is released.
In coupled reaction, an endothermic reaction supplies the energy needed to drive an exothermic reaction.
Chlorophyll absorbs green light.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 1TCCh. 6.1 - Energy Unleashed Much like a cars engine, the...Ch. 6.1 - define energy and work?Ch. 6.1 - define potential energy and kinetic energy and...Ch. 6.1 - State and explain the first and second laws of...Ch. 6.2 - Is glucose breakdown endergonic or exergonic? What...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 6.2 - describe how energy is captured and released by...Ch. 6.2 - explain exergonic and endergonic reactions and...Ch. 6.2 - explain activation energy?
Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 1TCCh. 6.3 - In hope of reducing plastic waste, some towns and...Ch. 6.3 - name and describe two important energy-carrier...Ch. 6.3 - explain coupled reactions?Ch. 6.4 - Can an enzyme catalyst make an endergonic reaction...Ch. 6.4 - You may have seen the almost magical glow of...Ch. 6.4 - explain how catalysts reduce activation energy?Ch. 6.4 - explain how enzymes function as biological...Ch. 6.5 - Health Watch Lack of an Enzyme Leads to Lactose...Ch. 6.5 - describe how cells regulate the rate at which...Ch. 6.5 - explain how poisons, drugs, and environmental...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 2TCCh. 6 - Which of the following is True? a. Enzymes...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6 - Prob. 4MCCh. 6 - Prob. 5MCCh. 6 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 1RQCh. 6 - Prob. 2RQCh. 6 - Prob. 3RQCh. 6 - Prob. 4RQCh. 6 - Prob. 5RQCh. 6 - Prob. 6RQCh. 6 - Prob. 7RQCh. 6 - While vacuuming, you show off by telling a friend...Ch. 6 - Refute the following: According to evolutionary...Ch. 6 - Can a bear use all the energy contained in the...
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