Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 6RQ
An enzyme known as protein kinase adds the
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In the regulation of enzyme activity by phosphorylation (as discussed in class), the introduction of phosphate
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 6.1 - Match the communication method on the left with...Ch. 6.1 - Which signal molecules listed in the previous...Ch. 6.1 - A cat sees a mouse and pounces on it. Do you think...Ch. 6.2 - List four components of signal pathways.Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 6.2 - What are the four steps of signal transduction?Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 7CCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 8CCCh. 6.2 - Name the four categories of membrane receptors.Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 11CCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 12CCCh. 6.3 - The extracellular fluid Ca2+ concentration...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 14CCCh. 6.4 - What do receptors, enzymes, and transporters have...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 16CCCh. 6.4 - Prob. 17CCCh. 6.5 - What is the difference between tonic control and...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 19CCCh. 6.5 - What is the difference between local control and...Ch. 6.5 - Name the seven steps in a reflex control pathway...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 22CCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 23CCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 24CCCh. 6 - What are the two routes for long-distance signal...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2RQCh. 6 - Prob. 3RQCh. 6 - Prob. 4RQCh. 6 - Prob. 5RQCh. 6 - An enzyme known as protein kinase adds the...Ch. 6 - Distinguish between central and peripheral...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8RQCh. 6 - Prob. 9RQCh. 6 - Prob. 10RQCh. 6 - Prob. 11RQCh. 6 - Explain the relationships of the terms in each of...Ch. 6 - List and compare the four classes of membrane...Ch. 6 - Prob. 14RQCh. 6 - Prob. 15RQCh. 6 - Prob. 16RQCh. 6 - Prob. 17RQCh. 6 - Identify the target tissue or organ for each...Ch. 6 - Now identify the integrating center for examples...Ch. 6 - In each of the following situations, identify the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 21RQCh. 6 - Prob. 22RQ
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- Kinases are enzymes responsible for transferring the terminal phosphate of ATP to the side chains of serines, threonines, and tyrosines in proteins. This is called phosphorylation. Many kinases require autophosphorylation before they can phosphorylate other targets. Discuss how phosphorylation of Ser, Thr, and Tyr changes their chemical properties and how phosphorylation of a kinase might help make it active for other substrates..arrow_forward__________ and_______________ are two granular organelles (enzyme complexes) that, respectively, synthesize and degrade proteins.arrow_forwardThe cell is triggered to make insulin when a glucose molecule binds to a receptor on the surface of the beta-cell. This then activates a molecule inside the cell to activate the expression of the gene. This process in which cells communicate with each other is called ___________ pathway (two words).arrow_forward
- Penicillin is an antibiotic. It kills bacteria by preventing the formation of the peptidoglycan layer of the bacterial cell wall. Penicillin does so by inhibiting the enzyme Transpeptidase, which is required for peptidoglycan layer formation. What type of inhibitor is Penicillin? Explain.arrow_forwardIn a particular enzyme, an alanine residue is located in a cleft where the substrate binds. A mutation that changes this residue to glycine has little effect on activity; however, another mutation, which changes the alanine to a glutamate residue, leads to a complete loss of activity. Provide a brief explanation for these observations. As a follow-up on the previous question, you have another enzyme that you suspect binds its substrate in a similar site as the enzyme you are studying above. Assuming you have access to techniques whereby you could synthesize mutant proteins, outline experimental steps you would use to help you determine whether the two proteins recognize substrate by similar structural features.arrow_forwardTrue or False: Bacteria use inclusions for secretion of enzymes.arrow_forward
- The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with _______________, which serve as a site for_______________ synthesis.arrow_forwardFor effective metabolic pathway regulation, a(an) ______ binds to the enzyme catalyzing the first committed step in a metabolic pathway.arrow_forwardChoose the correct answer in the following questions below: A noncompetitive inhibition is best overcome (or reversed) by: Increasing [enzyme] Increasing [Substrate] Increasing [product] All of the above The infectious prion protein which are believed to cause a neurodegenerative disease by acting as a template to misfold other cellular prion proteins are usually β-helices. True False An apoenzyme is a component of all conjugated enzymes, while a coenzyme is a component of some conjugated enzymes True Falsearrow_forward
- "Continual addition and removal of phosphates by protein kinase and protein phosphatases is wasteful of energy-since their combined action consumes ATP-but it is a necessary consequence of effective regulation by phosphorylation" is true or false.arrow_forwardWhy is an enzyme highly specific for the type of reaction it will promote?arrow_forwardMany biosynthetic pathways are regulated by feedback control, where the product of a pathway turns off an enzyme that catalyzes an early step in the pathway. Usually, this control comes from an allosteric interaction. Of the types of reversible enzyme inhibition (Competitive inhibition, Noncompetitive inhibition, and Uncompetitive inhibition), what type is most likely to occur in a feedback control mechanism like this and why?arrow_forward
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