Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 57.3, Problem 3R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The hypothesis that supports the fact that different ecosystems like tropical rainforests and desert have five and three trophic levels in their food webs respectively.
Introduction:
Different ecosystems contribute different net primary production (NPP) to the earth’s net primary productivity. Depending upon the primary producers in a region, the NPP of that region gets affected. Generally, the NPP increases with the decrease in latitudes. The tropical rainforests have higher NPP. The trophic levels depend upon the amount of NPP of an ecosystem.
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An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation of the relationship betweenthe different living organisms at different trophic levels. Explain the threeecological pyramids in detail. What are the shortcomings of each type’secological pyramids in the study of ecosystem?
Explain why there are differences in the efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels.
Explain what happens to the energy which is not transferred to the next trophic level in a food chain when one organism feeds on another.
EcosystemA hasprimary production of 1000 g C /m2/yr and ecological efficiency of 10%. Ecosystem B has primary production of 300 g C /m2/yr and an ecological efficiency of 25%.
a.Which ecosystem will have more production at thesecondary consumer (carnivore) trophic level?
b.Which ecosystem is more likely to support an endothermic primary consumer (herbivore)?
c.If atrophic level requires at least 1 gC/m2/yr in order to exist, how many trophic levels can each of these ecosystems support?d.Given your answer to part c, which do you thinkhas a larger impact on the energy available at upper trophic levels: primary productivity or efficiency of energy movement across trophic levels?
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Life: The Science of Biology
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