Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337793612
Author: PECK, Roxy.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 5.2, Problem 25E
Acrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found in cooked starchy foods and which is thought to increase the risk of certain kinds of cancer. The paper “A Statistical Regression Model for the Estimation of Acrylamide Concentrations in French Fries for Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Assessment” (Food and Chemical Toxicology [2012]: 3867–3876) describes a study to investigate the effect of frying time (in seconds) and acrylamide concentration (in micrograms per kilogram) in French fries. The data in the accompanying table are approximate values read from a graph that appeared in the paper.
- a. If the goal is to learn how acrylamide concentration is related to frying time, which of these two variables is the dependent variable and which is the independent variable?
- b. Construct a
scatterplot of these data. Describe any interesting features of the scatterplot.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Foot ulcers are a common problem for people with diabetes. Higher skin temperatures on
the foot indicate an increased risk of ulcers. The article "An Intelligent Insole for Diabetic
Patients with the Loss of Protective Sensation" (Kimberly Anderson, M.S. Thesis, Colorado
School of Mines), reports measurements of temperatures, in °F, of both feet for 181
diabetic patients. The results are presented in the following table.
Left Foot
Right Foot
80
80
85
85
75
80
88
86
89
87
87
82
78
78
88
89
89
90
76
81
89
86
87
82
78
78
80
81
87
82
86
85
76
80
88
89
Construct a scatterplot of the right foot temperature (y) versus the left foot temperature
(x). Verify that a linear model is appropriate.
b.
Compute the least-squares line for predicting the right foot temperature from the left
foot temperature.
If the left foot temperatures of two patients differ by 2 degrees, by how much would
you predict their right foot temperatures to differ?
Predict the right foot temperature for a patient whose left…
In a study of spot number in beetles, which have normally-distributed spot counts, you collect 46 beetles from the wild and count their spots. The average spot count is 8.7. You estimate the heritability using parent-offspring regression, which gives an estimate of 0.83. Then you split the population into two classes: those with 9 or more spots and those with 8 or fewer spots. The first group has an average of 11.3 spots and the second has an average of 6.8 spots. The offspring produced by the first group (the larger beetles) have an average of 10.78 spots.
What is the expected mean of the second group?
A medical student at a community college in city Q wants to study the factors affecting the systolic blood pressure of a person (Y). Generally, the systolic blood pressure depends on the BMI of a person (B) and the age of the person A. She wants
to test whether or not the BMI has a significant effect on the systolic blood pressure, keeping the age of the person constant. For her study, she collects a random sample of 150 patients from the city and estimates the following regression
function:
Y= 15.50 +0.90B + 1.10A.
(0.48) (0.35)
The test statistic of the study the student wants to conduct (Ho: B, =0 vs. H4: B, #0), keeping other variables constant is.
(Round your answer to two decimal places.)
At the 5% significance level, the student will
v the null hypothesis.
Keeping BMI constant, she now wants
test whether the age of a person (A) has no significant effect or a positive effect on the person's systolic blood pressure.
So, the test statistic associated with the one-sided test the…
Chapter 5 Solutions
Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
Ch. 5.1 - For each of the scatterplots shown, answer the...Ch. 5.1 - For each of the following pairs of variables,...Ch. 5.1 - For each of the following pairs of variables,...Ch. 5.1 - For each of the following pairs of variables,...Ch. 5.1 - Is the following statement correct? Explain why or...Ch. 5.1 - Draw a scatterplot for which r = 1.Ch. 5.1 - Draw a scatterplot for which r = 1.Ch. 5.1 - Each year J.D. Power and Associates surveys new...Ch. 5.1 - The accompanying data are x = Cost (cents per...Ch. 5.1 - The authors of the paper Flat-footedness Is Not a...
Ch. 5.1 - The paper The Relationship Between Cell Phone Use,...Ch. 5.1 - Data from the U.S. Federal Reserve Board (federal...Ch. 5.1 - The article 115K! The 13 Best Paying U.S....Ch. 5.1 - It may seem odd, but one of the ways biologists...Ch. 5.1 - An auction house released a list of 25 recently...Ch. 5.1 - A sample of automobiles traversing a certain...Ch. 5.2 - Two scatterplots are shown below. Explain why it...Ch. 5.2 - The authors of the paper Statistical Methods for...Ch. 5.2 - The accompanying data are a subset of data from...Ch. 5.2 - The authors of the paper Evaluating Existing...Ch. 5.2 - The authors of the paper referenced in the...Ch. 5.2 - A sample of 548 ethnically diverse students from...Ch. 5.2 - The relationship between hospital patient-to-nurse...Ch. 5.2 - The report Airline Quality Rating 2016...Ch. 5.2 - Acrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found...Ch. 5.2 - Use the acrylamide data given in the previous...Ch. 5.2 - Studies have shown that people who suffer sudden...Ch. 5.2 - The data given in the previous exercise on x =...Ch. 5.2 - An article on the cost of housing in Califomia...Ch. 5.2 - The following data on sale price, size, and...Ch. 5.2 - Explain why it can be dangerous to use the...Ch. 5.2 - The sales manager of a large company selected a...Ch. 5.2 - Explain why the slope b of the least-squares line...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 5.3 - Does it pay to stay in school? The report Trends...Ch. 5.3 - The data in the accompanying table is from the...Ch. 5.3 - The paper referenced in the previous exercise also...Ch. 5.3 - Consider the residual plot from the previous...Ch. 5.3 - The report Airline Quality Rating 2016...Ch. 5.3 - Acrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found...Ch. 5.3 - Consider the scatterplot of acrylamide...Ch. 5.3 - Some types of algae have the potential to cause...Ch. 5.3 - The relationship between x = Total number of...Ch. 5.3 - The residuals from the least-squares line for the...Ch. 5.3 - The first Batman movie was made over 50 years ago...Ch. 5.3 - The article 115K! The 13 Best Paying U.S....Ch. 5.3 - The article Examined Life: What Stanley H. Kaplan...Ch. 5.3 - The accompanying data are a subset of data from...Ch. 5.3 - The article California State Parks Closure List...Ch. 5.3 - The article referenced in the previous exercise...Ch. 5.3 - A study was carried out to investigate the...Ch. 5.3 - Both r2 and se are used to assess the fit of a...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 53ECh. 5.4 - The following data on x = Frying time (in seconds)...Ch. 5.4 - Use the information provided in the previous...Ch. 5.4 - The paper Aspects of Food Finding by Wintering...Ch. 5.4 - Food intake of grazing animals is limited by the...Ch. 5.4 - A study, described in the paper Prediction of...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 59ECh. 5.4 - The following table gives the number of heart...Ch. 5.4 - Refer to the heart transplant data given in the...Ch. 5.4 - The paper Population Pressure and Agricultural...Ch. 5.4 - Determining the age of an animal can sometimes be...Ch. 5.5 - The paper How Lead Exposure Relates to Temporal...Ch. 5.5 - The following quote is from the paper Evaluation...Ch. 5 - The accompanying data represent x = Amount of...Ch. 5 - The paper A Cross-National Relationship Between...Ch. 5 - The following data on x = Score on a measure of...Ch. 5 - The paper Effects of Canine Parvovirus (CPV) on...Ch. 5 - The paper Depression, Body Mass Index, and Chronic...Ch. 5 - The paper Aspects of Food Finding by Wintering...Ch. 5 - Data on salmon availability (x) and the percentage...Ch. 5 - No tortilla chip lover likes soggy chips, so it is...Ch. 5 - The article Reduction is Soluble Protein and...Ch. 5 - The following quote is from the paper The Weight...Ch. 5 - An accurate assessment of oxygen consumption...Ch. 5 - Consider the four (x, y) pairs (0, 0), (1, 1), 1,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CRECh. 5 - Data from a survey of 1046 adults age 50 and older...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3CRECh. 5 - Prob. 4CRECh. 5 - Prob. 5CRECh. 5 - The amount of money spent each year on science,...Ch. 5 - Below are the data used to construct the time...Ch. 5 - In August 2009, Harris Interactive released the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9CRECh. 5 - Prob. 10CRECh. 5 - Prob. 11CRECh. 5 - Prob. 12CRECh. 5 - Cost-to-charge ratios (the percentage of the...Ch. 5 - In the article Reproductive Biology of the Aquatic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15CRECh. 5 - Anabolic steroid abuse has been increasing despite...Ch. 5 - Prob. 81ECh. 5 - Prob. 82ECh. 5 - Prob. 83ECh. 5 - Prob. 84ECh. 5 - Suppose the hypothetical data below are from a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 86E
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
In Exercises 5-36, express all probabilities as fractions.
23. Combination Lock The typical combination lock us...
Elementary Statistics
Individuals in Jake’s study.
The Practice of Statistics for AP - 4th Edition
31. Putting It Together: A Tornado Model Is the width of a tornado related to the amount of distance for which ...
Statistics: Informed Decisions Using Data (5th Edition)
Alvie Singer lives at 0 in the accompanying diagram and has four friends who live at A, B, C, and D. One day Al...
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences
(a) Make a stem-and-leaf plot for these 24 observations on the number of customers who used a down-town CitiBan...
Applied Statistics in Business and Economics
Fill in the blank: The probability that a fair coin lands heads is 0.5. Therefore, we can be sure that if we to...
Elementary Statistics ( 3rd International Edition ) Isbn:9781260092561
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Acrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found in cooked starchy foods and which is thought to increase the risk of certain kinds of cancer. The paper "A Statistical Regression Model for the Estimation of Acrylamide Concentrations in French Fries for Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Assessment"+ describes a study to investigate the effect of frying time (in seconds) and acrylamide concentration (in micrograms per kilogram) in french fries. The data in the accompanying table are approximate values read from a graph that appeared in the paper. Frying Acrylamide Time Concentration 150 240 240 270 300 300 150 125 + 195 185 135 275 USE SALT (a) Find the equation of the least-squares line for predicting acrylamide concentration using frying time. (Round your answers to four decimal places.) ŷ = (b) Does the equation of the least-squares line support the conclusion that longer frying times tend to be paired with higher acrylamide concentrations? Explain. O No, the least squares regression line…arrow_forwardAcrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found in cooked starchy foods and which is thought to increase the risk of certain kinds of cancer. The paper "A Statistical Regression Model for the Estimation of Acrylamide Concentrations in French Fries for Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Assessment"+ describes a study to investigate the effect of frying time (in seconds) and acrylamide concentration (in micrograms per kilogram) in french fries. The data in the accompanying table are approximate values read from a graph that appeared in the paper. Frying Acrylamide Time Concentration 150 240 240 270 300 300 150 + 115 190 180 145 275 (a) Find the equation of the least-squares line for predicting acrylamide concentration using frying time. (Round your answers to four decimal places.) ŷ = (b) Does the equation of the least-squares line support the conclusion that longer frying times tend to be paired with higher acrylamide concentrations? Explain. No, the least squares regression line equation…arrow_forwardA researcher is using a panel data set on n = 1000 workers over T = 10 years (from 2001 through 2010) that contains the workers' earnings, gender, education, and age. The researcher is interested in the effect of education on earnings. Suppose you run a regression of earnings on person-specific and time-specific control variables. Can this regression be used to estimate the effect of gender on an individual's earnings or the effect of the national unemployment rate on an individual's earnings? A. Neither effect can be estimated using this regression. B. It can be used to estimate the effect of both gender and the national unemployment rate on an individual's earnings C. It can be used to estimate the effect of gender on an individual's earnings, but not the effect of the national unemployment rate on an individual's earnings. D. It can be used to estimate the effect of the national unemployment rate on an individual's earnings, but not the effect of gender on an individual's earnings.arrow_forward
- A medical student at a community college in city Q wants to study the factors affecting the systolic blood pressure of a person (Y) Generally, the systolic blood pressure depends on the BMI of a person (B) and the age of the person A. She wants to test whether or not the BMI has a significant effect on the systolic blood pressure, keeping the age of the person constant. For her study, she collects a random sample of 125 patients from the city and estimates the following regression function: Y= 15.50 + 0..90B+1.15A. (0.55) (0 40) The test statistic of the study the student wants to conduct (Ho: B, = 0 vs. H, B, #0), keeping other variables constant is. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) At the 5% significance level, the student will ▼ the null hypothesis. Keeping BMIl constant, she now wants to test whether the age of a person (A) has no significant effect or a positive effect on the person's systolic blood pressure. So, the test statistic associated with the one-sided test the…arrow_forwardA methodological study had established values for the MIC on a scale that measured physical function: The MIC for improvement (higher scores) was 4.0, and the MIC for deterioration (lower scores) was 3.0. Lawrence studied clinically significant change in physical functioning over a 1-year period for a sample of 100 patients with COPD. Some change score information is presented below for 10 patients. Which patients experienced clinically significant change in physical function in the 12-month period between assessments? Patient Baseline Score* 12-Month Score* 1 19 15 2 12 10 3 16 14 4 17 16 5 9 10 6 11 12 7 13 17 8 15 13 9 18 14 10 16 9 *Higher scores = higher level of physical function Which patients had clinically significant deterioration? Which patients had clinically significant improvement? Which patients had no clinically significant change?arrow_forwardAnemia (low healthy blood cells or hemoglobin) has an important role in exercise performance. However, the direct link between rapid changes of hemoglobin and exercise performance is still unknown. A study investigated 18 patients with a blood disorder (beta-thalassemia). Participants in the study performed an exercise test before and the day after receiving a blood transfusion. Data are given in the table. HB = Hemoglobin RER = Respiratory exchange ID Change in HB Obese RER > 1.1 ratio No No 1 -1.4 No -1.5 No Yes No Yes 3 -2 No 4 -2.1 No -1.9 Yes Yes No -1.6 -1.8 -0.8 6 7 No Yes No Yes 8 9. -1 No No -1.2 No Yes 10 11 No No -0.8 -1.5 12 Yes No No Yes 13 14 -1.4 -2.6 -1.7 No No Yes Yes 15 Yes No Yes Yes 16 -2.6 No 17 18 -2.7 -1.5 Noarrow_forward
- 2. A study is conducted in patients with HIV. The primary outcome is CD4 cell count which is a measure of the stage of the disease. Lower CD4 counts are associated with more advanced disease. The investigators are interested in the association between vitamin and mineral supplements and CD4 count. A multiple regression analysis is performed relating CD4 count to use of supplements (coded as 1=yes, 0=no) and to duration of HIV, in years (i.e., the number of years between the diagnosis of HIV and the study date). For the analysis, Y=CD4 count.Y = 501.41 + 12.67 Supplements – 30.23 Duration of HIVA. What is the expected CD4 count for a patient taking supplements who has had HIV for 2.5 years?Y = 438.505B. What is the expected CD4 count for a patient not taking supplements who was diagnosed with HIV at study enrollment?Y = 471.18C. What is the expected CD4 count for a patient not taking supplements who has had HIV for 2.5 years.= 425.835I would like to know if calculated correctly.…arrow_forwardTardigrades, or water bears, are a type of micro-animal famous for their resilience. In examining the effects of radiation on organisms, an expert claimed that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades no longer has a mean of 1150 Gy (grays). (For comparison, humans cannot withstand more than 10 Gy.) A random sample of 25 tardigrade colonies found that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony had a sample mean of 1133 Gy, with a sample standard deviation of 62 Gy. Assume that the population of amounts of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades is approximately normally distributed. Complete the parts below to perform a hypothesis test to see if there is enough evidence, at the 0.05 level of significance, to support that u, the mean amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades, is not equal to 1150 Gy. (a) State the null hypothesis H, and the alternative hypothesis H, that you would use for…arrow_forwardDefine the ADL and GLS Estimators of Regression.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Calculus For The Life SciencesCalculusISBN:9780321964038Author:GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.Publisher:Pearson Addison Wesley,
Linear Algebra: A Modern IntroductionAlgebraISBN:9781285463247Author:David PoolePublisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...AlgebraISBN:9781680331141Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURTPublisher:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Calculus For The Life Sciences
Calculus
ISBN:9780321964038
Author:GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.
Publisher:Pearson Addison Wesley,
Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction
Algebra
ISBN:9781285463247
Author:David Poole
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...
Algebra
ISBN:9781680331141
Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT
Publisher:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Correlation Vs Regression: Difference Between them with definition & Comparison Chart; Author: Key Differences;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ou2QGSJVd0U;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Correlation and Regression: Concepts with Illustrative examples; Author: LEARN & APPLY : Lean and Six Sigma;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xTpHD5WLuoA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY