Universe: Stars And Galaxies
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 5, Problem 46Q
To determine

The explanations to support the idea that the Doppelganger effect made the red light appear green because of the blue shift.

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Scientists are workingon a new technique to kill cancer cells by zapping them with ultrahighenergy(in the range of 1012 W) pulses of light that last for an extremelyshort time (a few nanoseconds). These short pulses scramble the interiorof a cell without causing it to explode, as long pulses would do. We canmodel a typical such cell as a disk 5.0 mm in diameter, with the pulselasting for 4.0 ns with an average power of 2.0 * 10^12 W. We shall assumethat the energy is spread uniformly over the faces of 100 cells foreach pulse. (a) How much energy is given to the cell during this pulse?(b) What is the intensity (in W/m2) delivered to the cell? (c) What arethe maximum values of the electric and magnetic fields in the pulse?
High-Energy Cancer Treatment. Scientists are working on a new technique to kill cancer cells by zapping them with ultrahighenergy (in the range of 1012 W) pulses of light that last for an extremely short time (a few nanoseconds). These short pulses scramble the interior of a cell without causing it to explode, as long pulses would do. We can model a typical such cell as a disk 5.0 um in diameter, with the pulse lasting for 4.0 ns with an average power of 2.0 * 1012 W. We shall assume that the energy is spread uniformly over the faces of 100 cells for each pulse. (a) How much energy is given to the cell during this pulse? (b) What is the intensity (in W/m2) delivered to the cell? (c) What are the maximum values of the electric and magnetic fields in the pulse?
Cosmic rays are highly energetic particles travelling through space. How fast must a cosmic ray proton be travelling to have a de Broglie wavelength of 10 fm (femtometre)? Express your answer as a percentage of the speed of light, c.
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