Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134832302
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 3VI
Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the production of the amino acids tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine in the figure. Where do the initial reactants (erythrose4-phosphate and PEP) originate?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Name three enzymes that are likely the source of bicarbonate ion that is involved with the formation of carbamoyl phosphate?
In the Ubiquitin pathway, why are there many more E3 proteins than E1 and E2 combined?
Describe the two models that explain the binding of allosteric enzymes. Use either model to explain the binding ofoxygen to hemoglobin.
Phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1) activity is regulated by the concentration of ATP through allostery. Increasing the cellular concentration of ATP decreases the affinity of the enzyme for the substrate fructose-6-phosphate. Given that ATP is also one of the substrates for PFK1, how does this regulation mechanism work so effectively?
a) ATP can bind to two places on PFK, when ATP is bound in the other site, PFK changes conformation leading to lower affinity for fructose-6-phosphate
b) At high concentrations, ATP binds and reverses the PFK reaction
c) ATP decreases the activity of aldolase, leading to product inhibition of PFK
d) ATP at high concentration binds in place of fructose-6-phosphate
Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 4TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 6TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5MCCh. 5 - Prob. 6MCCh. 5 - Prob. 7MCCh. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - Prob. 9MCCh. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Prob. 11MCCh. 5 - Prob. 12MCCh. 5 - Prob. 13MCCh. 5 - Prob. 14MCCh. 5 - Prob. 15MCCh. 5 - Prob. 16MCCh. 5 - Prob. 17MCCh. 5 - Prob. 19MCCh. 5 - Prob. 20MCCh. 5 - Prob. 1MCh. 5 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Prob. 2SACh. 5 - Prob. 3SACh. 5 - Prob. 4SACh. 5 - Prob. 5SACh. 5 - Prob. 6SACh. 5 - Prob. 7SACh. 5 - Prob. 8SACh. 5 - Prob. 9SACh. 5 - Prob. 10SACh. 5 - Prob. 11SACh. 5 - Prob. 12SACh. 5 - Prob. 13SACh. 5 - Prob. 14SACh. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6CTCh. 5 - Prob. 7CTCh. 5 - Prob. 8CTCh. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11CTCh. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - Prob. 14CTCh. 5 - Prob. 15CTCh. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - Prob. 18CTCh. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 21CTCh. 5 - Prob. 22CTCh. 5 - Prob. 23CTCh. 5 - Prob. 24CTCh. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Hemoglobin is the oxygen carrier in the blood. What is the effect of each of the following treatments on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin in vitro and how do these changes impact the T state vs. R state of the enzyme? A) Decrease in pH from 7.4 to 7.2. B) Increase in 2,3-BPG concentration.arrow_forwardIdentify the substrate and products of the TCA cycle. Describe its organization in general terms. What are its major functions?arrow_forwardRed blood cells synthesize and degrade 2,3-biphosphogylerate (2,3-BPG) as a detour from the glycolytic pathway, as shown in the figure.2,3-BPG decreases the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin by binding in the central cavity of the deoxygenated form of hemoglobin. This encourages delivery of oxygen to tissues. A defect in one of the glycolytic enzymes may affect levels of 2,3-BPG. The plot above right shows oxygen-binding curves for normal erythrocytes and for hexokinase and pyruvate kinase-deficient erythrocytes. Identify which curve corresponds to which enzyme deficiency.arrow_forward
- a) Based on the mechanism shown in Figure 2A, what type of enzyme is transpeptidase? : Lyase Isomerase Ligase Hydrolase Oxidoreductase Transferase b) Transpeptidases have two substrates. From Figure 2A, what type of mechanism do they most likely adopt in processing the two substrates? sequential or ping-pong c) β-lactams inactivate transpeptidases by forming a covalent bond with the serine residue in the active site. Based on this description and Figure 2B caption, what type of inhibitor are β-lactams? _________________________________________ d) Based on the mechanism for lactamase shown in Figure 3, what type of enzyme is lactamase? Lyase Isomerase Ligase Hydrolase Oxidoreductase Transferase e) Based on your answer in d, what other reactant, in addition to the antibiotic substrate, needs to be in the active site of lactamase for the hydrolysis reaction to proceed? ____________________arrow_forwardOne of the regulators of the TCA cycle is succinyl CoA. Discuss the rationale for this molecule to be used to regulate the TCA cycle. What is the metabolic role of succinyl CoA?arrow_forwardOne of the regulators of the TCA cycle is succinyl CoA. Discuss the rationale for this molecule to be used to regulate the TCA cycle. For what TCA enzymes does succinyl CoA act as an inhibitor?arrow_forward
- 18. 19. 20. a) b) Substrate-level phosphorylation is of physiological importance: in all cells to a small extent in hypoxic skeletal muscle cells in mature mammalian erythrocytes all of the above c) d) a) b) c) d) Oxidative decarboxylation of a-ketoglutarate is similar to that of pyruvate. In both cases, the relevant enzyme complex utilizes co-factors in the sequence: An abnormally high value for alkaline phosphatase in serum could be indicative of: a) obstructive jaundice b) hemolytic jaundice c) d) cancer of the prostate gland all of the above CoA, FAD, lipoamide, thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP), NAD TPP, lipoamide, NAD, COA TPP, lipoamide, CoA, FAD, NAD CoA, lipoamide, TPP, FAD, NADarrow_forwardIn the liver, what is the major regulation that dictates fate of pyruvate vs lactate? (This can tie into reading assignment!) a) Activation of MCT1 to transport lactate out of cell b) Activation of pyruvate carboxylase and conc dictating use of lactate dehydrogenase, inhibition of PDHC c) Activation of lactate dehydrogen, inactivation of pyruvate carboxylasease and PDHC d) Activation of lactate dehydrogenase and MCT1 (transporter)arrow_forwardPeroxidase is an enzyme found in many organisms, from plant to humans. The function of peroxidase is to break down hydrogen peroxide, which is a toxin produced as a byproduct when oxygen is produced during respiration. Myeloperoxidase is a protein found in neutrophils and catalyzes lipid peroxidation involved in immune defense. The overproduction of myeloperoxidase has been found to function as a mediator for tissue damage in inflammatory diseases. (8 points) a. Identify two examples of environmental factors that may impact myeloperoxidase activity. Describe how each of the environmental factors would affect the reaction rate of the enzyme. b. Predict the how researchers can use myeloperoxidase activity as oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Provide reasoning to justify your prediction.arrow_forward
- A)Carrier of the activated amino acids to the ribosomes for incorporation into the growing peptide chain. B)Molecule that attaches to myosin and actin during muscle contraction. C)The reduced cofactor important in the TCA cycle and used in the last part of respiration. Please identify the terms.arrow_forwardFor each of the following statements, indicate whether it is true or false. [Select] [Select] The LDL particles are internalized through the endocytic pathway. A mutation that impairs the association of the LDL receptor with adaptin would cause depletion of LDL in the blood. [Select] In the endosome, the LDL particle dissociates from the LDL receptor because the pH in the endosome is higher than that in the transport vesicle. [Select] A mutation that impairs the recruitment of the LDL receptor into clathrin-coated vesicles would cause a decrease in cellular cholesterol level.arrow_forwardWhat would be the metabolic consequences and symptoms of having a mutated form of phosphofructokinase-1 in muscle that is no longer allosterically regulated by [H+]? Speculate on how a patient with this mutation could deal with this.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Anaerobic Respiration; Author: Bozeman Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDC29iBxb3w;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY