Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134832302
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 21CT
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The way by which the given figure be changed to reflect anaerobic respiration.
Introduction:
The two types of respiration are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. The aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen. The terminal acceptors are different in both aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions.
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A student argued that aerobic and anaerobic respiration should produce the same amount of ATP. He reasoned that they both use basically the same process; only the terminal electron acceptor is different. What is the primary error in this student’s argument?
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 4TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 6TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5MCCh. 5 - Prob. 6MCCh. 5 - Prob. 7MCCh. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - Prob. 9MCCh. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Prob. 11MCCh. 5 - Prob. 12MCCh. 5 - Prob. 13MCCh. 5 - Prob. 14MCCh. 5 - Prob. 15MCCh. 5 - Prob. 16MCCh. 5 - Prob. 17MCCh. 5 - Prob. 19MCCh. 5 - Prob. 20MCCh. 5 - Prob. 1MCh. 5 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Prob. 2SACh. 5 - Prob. 3SACh. 5 - Prob. 4SACh. 5 - Prob. 5SACh. 5 - Prob. 6SACh. 5 - Prob. 7SACh. 5 - Prob. 8SACh. 5 - Prob. 9SACh. 5 - Prob. 10SACh. 5 - Prob. 11SACh. 5 - Prob. 12SACh. 5 - Prob. 13SACh. 5 - Prob. 14SACh. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6CTCh. 5 - Prob. 7CTCh. 5 - Prob. 8CTCh. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11CTCh. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - Prob. 14CTCh. 5 - Prob. 15CTCh. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - Prob. 18CTCh. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 21CTCh. 5 - Prob. 22CTCh. 5 - Prob. 23CTCh. 5 - Prob. 24CTCh. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...
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- What is the direct mechanism of ATP synthesis during the electron transport phase of cellular respiration? (what is the potential energy source that drives ATP production?) b) Why is oxygen needed for this phase? c) What is the role of ATP synthasearrow_forwardIn aerobic respiration, why are electrons moved from organic macromolecules to electron carriers like NAD+. More specifically why is this middle man needed. Why can't the organic macromolecules transport the electron itself?arrow_forwardWhich mechanisms may be used to reverse a high NADH:NAD+ ratio in the cytosol under anaerobic conditions?arrow_forward
- Why are electron carriers (NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2) so important in the process of cellular respiration? A)NADH and FADH2 are major components of the ETC, so without them, there would be no ETC in the cell. B)They deliver electrons to the ETC, which in turn sets up chemiosmosis, where most of the ATP is generated. C)They separate the electrons from the protons so that the protons can be moved out of the mitochondrion. D)The electrons that they carry are able to directly phosphorylate ADP in order to generate the bulk of ATP in the cell. E) They transport protons across the mitochondrial membrane. 14.arrow_forwardWhy is it important that NADH can be converted back to NAD + during anaerobic respiration?arrow_forwardList examples of terminal electron acceptors used during anaerobic respirationarrow_forward
- Indicate whether the statement is true for aerobic respiration, photosynthesis or both: The transfer of electrons via redox reactions is coupled to the movement of protons from one side of the membrane to the other a)Aerobic Respiration b)Photosynthesis c)Botharrow_forwardPhotosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration both rely on electron transport chains to generate ATP. Which of the following does not correctly identify similarities and differences in the ETCs of these processes? a) Electrons delivered to the ETC are used to generate a proton gradient across the membrane b) In photosynthesis, the facilitated diffusion of protons across the membrane generates ATP and glucose molecules; in cellular respiration, this process generates ATP c) In photosynthesis, electrons are delivered to the ETC by NADPH; in cellular respiration, electrons are delivered to the ETC by NADH and FADH2 d) In prokaryotes, active transport moves protons across the cell’s plasma membrane during photosynthesis and cellular respirationarrow_forwardFigure 7.11 Dinitrophenol (DNP) is an "uncoupler" that makes the inner mitochondrial membrane "leaky" to protons. It was used until 1938 as a weight- loss drug. What effect would you expect DNP to have on the change in pH across the inner mitochondrial membrane? Why do you think this might be an effective weight-loss drug? Intermembrane space Mitochondrial matrix ATP Synthase ADP Inner mitochondrial membrane ATP Figure 7.11 ATP synthase is a complex, molecular machine that uses a proton (H) gradient to form ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi). (Credit: modification of work by Klaus Hoffmeier)arrow_forward
- Which of these process is a common step that happens before both aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration? A) citric acid (Krebs) cycle B) glycolylcle C) electron transport chain D) All of the abovearrow_forwardCyanide is a chemical that irreversibly binds to (i.e. prevents the functioning of) the enzyme cytochrome oxidase, an important enzyme in the electron transport system. a) Explain, at the cellular level, why cyanide is a lethal chemical. b) Suggest at least one other cellular consequence of cyanide (i.e. what else happens to the electron transport system when cyanide is present), and an explanation of this effect.arrow_forwardIn the presence of oxygen, the mitochondrion in yeast is used for aerobic respiration,however, under anaerobic conditions,the yeast mitochondria have been found to have other function. Identify and briefly discuss four of these functionsarrow_forward
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Anaerobic Respiration; Author: Bozeman Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDC29iBxb3w;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY