Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134832302
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 15SA
A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain bacterium does not utilize lactose when glucose is available in its environment. Describe a cellular regulatory mechanism that would explain this observation
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What would be the effect of a mutation that decreased the activity of phosphatidic acid phosphatase?
A bacterial lactose transporter, which is highly specific for lactose, contains a Cys residue that is essential to its transport activity. Covalent reaction of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) with this Cys residue irreversibly inactivates the transporter. A high concentration of lactose in the medium prevents inactivation by NEM, presumably by sterically protecting the Cys residue, which is in or near the lactose-binding site. You know nothing else about the transporter protein. Suggest an experiment that might allow you to determine the Mr of this Cys-containing transporter polypeptide.
What would be the effect on an organism’s ability to use glucose as an energy source if a mutation inactivated glucose 6-phosphatase in the liver?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 4TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 6TMWCh. 5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5MCCh. 5 - Prob. 6MCCh. 5 - Prob. 7MCCh. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - Prob. 9MCCh. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Prob. 11MCCh. 5 - Prob. 12MCCh. 5 - Prob. 13MCCh. 5 - Prob. 14MCCh. 5 - Prob. 15MCCh. 5 - Prob. 16MCCh. 5 - Prob. 17MCCh. 5 - Prob. 19MCCh. 5 - Prob. 20MCCh. 5 - Prob. 1MCh. 5 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Prob. 2SACh. 5 - Prob. 3SACh. 5 - Prob. 4SACh. 5 - Prob. 5SACh. 5 - Prob. 6SACh. 5 - Prob. 7SACh. 5 - Prob. 8SACh. 5 - Prob. 9SACh. 5 - Prob. 10SACh. 5 - Prob. 11SACh. 5 - Prob. 12SACh. 5 - Prob. 13SACh. 5 - Prob. 14SACh. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6CTCh. 5 - Prob. 7CTCh. 5 - Prob. 8CTCh. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11CTCh. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - Prob. 14CTCh. 5 - Prob. 15CTCh. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - Prob. 18CTCh. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 21CTCh. 5 - Prob. 22CTCh. 5 - Prob. 23CTCh. 5 - Prob. 24CTCh. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...
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- AMP- PNP is a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog that cannot be metabolized by cells. Taurocholate is a bile acid that helps emulsify fats. When taurocholate is added to hepatocyte cell culture, it accumulates in those cells. The graph below shows the rate of cellular accumulation of the drug taurocholate in the presence of either ATP, ATP, or AMP-PNP. Based on this date, describe the mechanism by which taurocholate enters the cell. Justify the answer.arrow_forwardWhen lactose is added to growing culture of E. coli, the cells begin to make enzymes necessary for lactose utilization. In contrast, when tryptophan is added to the culture medium, synthesis of the enzymes for tryptophan pathway ceases. Contrast the two systems explaining why they act in reverse directionsarrow_forwardNitrogenase complexes are irreversibly inactivated by oxygen. Explain how nitrogen-fixing bacteria solve this problem.arrow_forward
- Explain why the ability of some microorganisms to produce β-lactamase present prior to their exposure to the antibiotic penicillinarrow_forwardYou inoculate two test tubes with the same amount of identical growth medium and with the same number of identical yeast cells and grow these cells under identical conditions except for the presence or absence of oxygen. b) The cells of both cultures convert glucose to pyruvate via glycolysis, and then further metabolize pyruvate. Are the cells of both cultures able to obtain the same amount of ATP from glycolysis? Explain. Under anaerobic conditions, the carbon from pyruvate will ultimately be found in which molecule? Under aerobic conditions, the carbon from pyruvate will ultimately be found in which molecule?arrow_forwardIn a certain bacterial species, the amino acid arginine is synthesized by a particular enzyme so the bacterium does not require arginine in its growth medium. A key enzyme, which we will call arginine synthetase, is necessary for arginine biosynthesis. When these bacteria are given arginine in their growth media, they stop synthesizing arginine intracellularly. Based on this observation alone, propose three different regulatory mechanisms to explain why arginine biosynthesis ceases when arginine is added to the growth medium. To better understand the mechanism of regulation, you measure the amount of intracellular arginine synthetase protein when cells are grown in the presence and absence of arginine. Under both growth conditions, the amount of this protein is identical. Which mechanism of regulation would be consistent with this experimental observation?.arrow_forward
- Give an example of the action of a plasma membraneenzyme.arrow_forwardSydney Brennen isolated Salmonella typhimurium mutants that were implicated in the biosynthesis of tryptophan and would not grow on minimal medium supplemented with intermediates in tryptophan biosynthesis, some mutants were able to grow while others remained unable to grow. Review the data attached to order the biosynthetic pathway by both enzymatic step and by intermediate biomolecule. Label the step impacted by each of the mutant cell lines.arrow_forwardThere are several applications of microorganisms in industries. One of them is in medical and pharmaceuticals. Name a suitable microorganism and demonstrate its application in producing synthetic human insulin.arrow_forward
- Peroxidase is an enzyme found in many organisms, from plant to humans. The function of peroxidase is to break down hydrogen peroxide, which is a toxin produced as a byproduct when oxygen is produced during respiration. Myeloperoxidase is a protein found in neutrophils and catalyzes lipid peroxidation involved in immune defense. The overproduction of myeloperoxidase has been found to function as a mediator for tissue damage in inflammatory diseases. (8 points) a. Identify two examples of environmental factors that may impact myeloperoxidase activity. Describe how each of the environmental factors would affect the reaction rate of the enzyme. b. Predict the how researchers can use myeloperoxidase activity as oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Provide reasoning to justify your prediction.arrow_forwardThe highly pathogenic anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens is responsible for gas gangrene, a condition in which animal tissue structure is destroyed. This bacterium secretes an enzyme that efficiently catalyzes the hydrolysis of the peptide bond indicated in red: where X and Y are any of the 20 common amino acids. How does the secretion of this enzyme contribute to the invasiveness of this bacterium in human tissues? Why does thisenzyme not affect the bacterium itself?arrow_forwardTotal number of FADH2 molecules generated as a result of catabolism of one glucose molecule is 6 10 4 2arrow_forward
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