Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 5, Problem 3FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Diffusion refers to the movement of ions or molecules from high concentration to low concentration. Diffusion rate depends on the temperature and concentration gradient. Higher the temperature, the faster the rate of diffusion and higher the concentration gradient higher the rate of diffusion. If any external factor does not interrupt, the diffusion can occur until the concentration becomes equal.
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Crossing a cell membrane by simple diffusion can be distinguished from facilitated
diffusion by which of the following:
Select all that apply.
Simple diffusion moves molecules down a concentration gradient while
facilitated diffusion moves molecules up a concentration gradient
Simple diffusion does not require membrane proteins; facilitated diffusion
requires specific membrane proteins
Simple diffusion does not require energy; facilitated diffusion requires energy
Simple diffusion is not saturable; facilitated diffusion rates are limited by the
number of functional membrane proteins and can be saturated
Below are listed molecules with different chemical characteristics. Knowing that all molecules will eventually diffuse across a phospholipid bilayer, select the list that most accurately predicts the relative rates of diffusion of these molecules (fastest to slowest) across a biological membrane.
alanine, propanol, sodium, estrogen
sodium, propanol, alanine, estrogen
estrogen, propanol, sodium, alanine
estrogen, propanol, alanine, sodium
Define and provide an example for each of the following: simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, passive transport and active transport.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 5.1 - Vicious Venoms Some of the most devastating...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1TCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 2CSCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 5.1 - diagram and describe the fluid mosaic model of...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 5.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 5.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 5.3 - What is likely to have happened If, instead of...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1HYEW
Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 2TCCh. 5.3 - If a plant cell is placed in water containing no...Ch. 5.3 - Would a cell over use active transport to move...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5TCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 5.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 5.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 5.3 - Prob. 6TCCh. 5 - Animal cells are surrounded by________ fluid is...Ch. 5 - Which of the following cannot enter a cell by...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 5 - Prob. 5MCCh. 5 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 5 - A membrane that is permeable to some substances...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 5 - After each molecule, place the two-word term that...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 1RQCh. 5 - Prob. 2RQCh. 5 - What are the five categories of proteins commonly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4RQCh. 5 - Define hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic. What...Ch. 5 - Describe the following types of transport...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7RQCh. 5 - Prob. 8RQCh. 5 - Prob. 1ACCh. 5 - Predict and sketch the configuration that ten...
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- Distinguish between the following pairs of terms: a. diffusion; osmosis b. passive transport; active transport c. endocytosis; exocytosisarrow_forwardIn the fluid mosaic model: plasma membrane proteins orient their hydrophilic sides toward the internal bilayer. phospholipids often flip-flop between the inner and outer layers. the mosaic refers to proteins attached to the underlying cytoskeleton. the fluid refers to the phospholipid bilayer. the mosaic refers to the symmetry of the internal membrane proteins and sterols.arrow_forwardWhich plasma membrane component can be either found on its surface or embedded in the membrane structure? a. protein b. cholesterol c. carbohydrate d. phospholipidarrow_forward
- Why is it advantageous for the cell membrane to be fluid in nature?arrow_forwardThe tails of the phospholipids of the plasma membrane are composed of _____ and are _____? a. phosphate groups; hydrophobic b. fatty acid groups; hydrophilic c. phosphate groups; hydrophilic d. fatty acid groups; hydrophobicarrow_forwardPut the following structures in order according to the pathway of a secreted protein: a. plasma membrane b. Golgi bodies c. endoplasmic reticulum d. post-Golgi vesiclesarrow_forward
- Visit this link (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/diffusion) to see diffusion and how it is propelled by the kinetic energy of molecules in solution. How does temperature affect diffusion rate, and why?arrow_forwardCell membranes consist mainly of a _________. a. carbohydrate bilayer and proteins b. protein bilayer and phospholipids c. phospholipid bilayer and proteinsarrow_forwardThe cytoplasm of a certain cell is composed of a solution that is 98% water, 2% solutes. Consider the solution shown in the beaker in this picture: FOOE OOS Foor solution. [Select] Cytoplasm is 98% water, 2% solutes. The solution in the beaker would be considered when compared to [Select] The plasma membrane is impermeable to solutes. Beaker solution is 98% water, 2% solutes the cell. We would expect that the cell would [Select] if it was placed in the would account for whatever changes might occur to the volume of the cytoplasm of the cell when it is placed in the solution.arrow_forward
- Other cell membrane molecules include a compound called __________ , which functions to provide fluidity to rigid membranes and rigidity to fluid membranes; and surface carbohydrates, which function in the membrane not to provide energy, but instead to provide __________ . Aminophospholipids move to the inner leaflet of the membrane, by an enzyme known as the __________ . A main function of the cell membrane is to be very selective as to what is able to cross through, a condition known as a ________ barrier.arrow_forwardFacilitated diffusion differs from active transport in that facilitated diffusion transports against a concentration gradient while active transport does not facilitated diffusion requires expenditure of energy while active transport does not active transport requires expenditure of energy while facilitated diffusion does not facilitated diffusion involves carrier proteins while active transport does not facilitated diffusion works against a concentration gradient while active transport works only with the concentration gradientarrow_forwardGiven what we know about diffusion / the cell membrane, what is able to diffuse and cannot diffuse across the cell membrane? Why? Must use words: hydrophobic, hydrophilic, ions, uncharged molecules, charged molecules. (Give specific examples for each)arrow_forward
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