Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 49, Problem 4TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The growth hormone (GH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It stimulates the movement of amino acids into the cells and the incorporation of these amino acids into the protein. Thus, it promotes the overall growth of the tissues and organ.
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King Egbert VI is falling ill. His calcium concentration is dropping to dangerously low levels. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released and blood calcium levels begin to rise. Shortly after, PTH release slows. Is this an example of a positive or negative feedback mechanism and what is the initial stimulus?
a)
Positive feedback; reduced PTH
b)
Negative feedback; increase PTH release
c)
Positive feedback; decline in calcium release
d)
Negative feedback; low calcium
e)
Negative feedback; reduced PTH
Growth factors are local regulators that(A) are produced by the anterior pituitary.(B) are modified fatty acids that stimulate bone and cartilagegrowth.(C) are found on the surface of cancer cells and stimulateabnormal cell division.(D) bind to cell-surface receptors and stimulate growth anddevelopment of target cells.
The relationship between the insect hormones ecdysteroid and PTTH is an example of (A) an interaction of the endocrine and nervous systems. (B) homeostasis achieved by positive feedback. (C) homeostasis maintained by antagonistic hormones. (D) competitive inhibition of a hormone receptor.
Chapter 49 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 49.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 49.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 49.1 - Identify four main chemical groups to which...Ch. 49.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 49.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 49.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 49.1 - Prob. 4CCh. 49.2 - Compare four types of endocrine signaling.Ch. 49.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 49.2 - Prob. 2C
Ch. 49.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 49.3 - Compare the mechanism of action of small,...Ch. 49.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 49.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 49.3 - What is the mechanism of action of a hormone that...Ch. 49.4 - Prob. 6LOCh. 49.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 49.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 49.5 - Identify the classical vertebrate endocrine glands...Ch. 49.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 49.5 - Describe the actions of the thyroid and...Ch. 49.5 - Contrast the actions of insulin and glucagon, and...Ch. 49.5 - Describe the actions and regulation of the adrenal...Ch. 49.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 49.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 49.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 49.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 49.5 - Prob. 5CCh. 49 - A cell secretes a product that diffuses through...Ch. 49 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 49 - Prob. 14TYU
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- 3) Parathyroid hormone: a) is secreted when blood calcium levels are too high. b) is required for the synthesis of collagen fibers. c) stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone tissue. d) stimulates cells in the epiphyseal plate to divide.arrow_forwardYour friend Bud has the talent to be a star basketball center—if only he weren’t 5 foot 8. Being well- intentioned but ignorant, you start injecting him with growth hormone as he sleeps each night. You. think this is a clever strategy, but after a time you notice that he hasn’t grown an inch. Instead, his jaw and forehead seem to have gotten disproportionately large and his hands and feet are swollen. Explain why the growth hormone didn’t make Bud grow taller and why it had the effect it did. What disease state do these changes mimic?arrow_forwardWhich hormone acts to raise blood calcium levels, when they are too low? A) TH (T3 and T4) B) PTH C) Calcitonin D) Cortisolarrow_forward
- (human physiology) 1) Match the insulin types (1-3) with the plots (A-C)? Explain? 2) Oral administration (e.g. in the form of pills) of insulin and subcutaneous administration, which is more effective? Why? 3) Why are elderly, sedentary, obese and regular smokers at high risk of diabetes?arrow_forwardThe hormone thyroxine is given as an oral dose, but insulin needs to be injected into the body. Why?arrow_forwardKetosis is not likely to occur in acromegaly because: a. GH is not lipolytic hormone b. GH inhibits beta oxidation c. GH stimulates lipoprotein lipase d. Most individuals with acromegaly have sufficient insulin production to suppress ketosis.arrow_forward
- Parathyroid glands produce a hormone that O a) stimulates the formation of white blood cells O b) increases the level of calcium ions in the blood O c) increases the level of sodium ions in the blood d) increases the level of potassium ions in the blood O e) increases the level of glucose in the bloodarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not an accuratestatement?(A) Hormones are chemical messengers that travelto target cells through the circulatory system.(B) Hormones often regulate homeostasisthrough antagonistic functions.(C) Hormones of the same chemical class usually have thesame function.(D) Hormones are often regulated through feedback loopsarrow_forward2. State which hormone is probably responsible for each physiological phenomenon described below and explain why. a) Blood glucose levels remained constant even though someone went 20 hours without eating or drinking. b) Heart rate and breathing rate increase when someone is awoken by a loud noise in the middle of the night. c) A grown man's jaw and forehead become thick and deformed.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not produces by the adenohypophysis? (A) prolaction(B) adrenocorticotropic hormone(C) oxytocin(D) growth hormonearrow_forwardParathyroid glands produce a hormone that O a) stimulates the formation of white blood cells O b) increases the level of calcium ions in the blood Oc) increases the level of sodium ions in the blood d) increases the level of potassium ions in the blood e) increases the level of glucose in the bloodarrow_forwardThe hormone cortisol is secreted in a circadian rhythm, with the highest levels at breakfast time and lowest around midnight. Which statement is the most likely explanation of this observation? A) Negative feedback regulation of cortisol is overridden (cancelled) by environmental stimulation during the day. B) Cortisol is not homeostatically regulated. C) Cortisol is regulated by positive feedback during the night and negative feedback during the day. D) The homeostatic setpoint for cortisol varies over a 24-hour cycle.arrow_forward
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