Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 43.2, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? Ø If both copies of a light-chain gene and a heavy-chain gene recombined in each (diploid) B cell, how would this affect B cell development and function?
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a. What are the number of total chromosomes that carries the genes encoding heavy and light chain polypeptides in a single B cell (in human)?
b. From the total number of chromosomes carrying genes for immunoglobulin peptides from question a, how many encode the heavy and light chains actually expressed by a single B cell?
Match the following terms of B-cell development with the best definition.
Surrogate light chain
Allelic exclusion
Checkpoint 2
Checkpoint 1
Receptor editing
Choose...
Choose...
✓Choose...
expression of only one heavy chain allele and one light chain allele
Presence of completed BCR with mu heavy chain and kappa or lambda light chain
Presence of mu heavy chain and presence of pre-B-cell receptor
VpreB and lambda5 which combine with the heavy chain to form pre-B-cell receptor
Successive rearrangement of light chain genes after negative selection
What are two types of long-lived cells derived from the B cell lineage? Where are these cells located + what is their function?
Chapter 43 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 43.1 - Pus is both a sign of infection and an indicator...Ch. 43.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How do the molecules that...Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.2 - WHAT IF? If both copies of a light-chain gene and...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.4 - WHAT IF? How would a macrophage deficiency likely...Ch. 43 - In what ways does innate immunity protect the...Ch. 43 - Why is the adaptive immune response to an initial...Ch. 43 - Is immunological memory after a natural infection...Ch. 43 - Prob. 43.4CRCh. 43 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 43 - An epitope associates with which part of an...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 43 - Level 2: Application/Analysis 4. Which of the...Ch. 43 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 43 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Contrast clonal selection with...Ch. 43 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Describe one invertebrate...Ch. 43 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 43 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This photo shows a child...
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- Describe VDJ recombination in the development of B cell. Include in your description the roles of RSS, RAG-1 and RAG-2 and other essential enzymes.arrow_forwardBriefly, what are the 2 ‘checkpoints’ in development for the B cell? When do the B cells pause to proliferate and why is this step is important? Explain receptor editing.arrow_forwardMatch the stage of B cell development with the rearrangement or expression of immunoglobulin genes. Stem cell Early pro-B cell Late pro-B cell Large pre-B cell Small pre-B cell Immature B cell ✓Choose... V-DJ rearranging germline configuration for both light and heavy chain genes D-J rearranging V-J rearranging u heavy chain plus lambda or kappa light chains on cell surface μ heavy chain made but light-chain genes in germline configuration Choose... Choose... ➡ →arrow_forward
- Please answer fast Which type of cells normally drive class switching to IgE and how? How might the lack of Th17 cells contribute to the increased numbers of B cells switching?arrow_forwardIn the process shown in Diagram 2, what performs the function most similar to that of the activated T cell in Diagram 1?arrow_forward1- B cell clones undergo somatic hypermutation in which structure? Group of answer choices A) Thymic cortex B) Bone marrow C) Primary focus D) Germinal center dark zone 2- During T cell development, the surrogate alpha chain (pTalpha) is considered analogous to the surrogate light chains (lambda5 and VpreB) expressed during B cell development. Which complexes do these surrogate protein chains help form in T cell and B cells, respectively? Group of answer choices A) Mature TCR and transitional B cell BCR B) Double positive thymocyte CD4/CD8 complex and mature naive B cell IgD/IgM complex C) preTCR and preBCR D) Thymic progenitor Notch receptor and early pro-B cell IL-7 receptorarrow_forward
- 1 It was stated that the Rh antigens are so sparsely scattered on the red cell surface that IgG molecules bound to the Rh antigens are too far apart to fix C1q. Therefore, complement-mediated hemolysis cannot be invoked to explain hemolytic disease of the newborn. By what mechanism are the red cells destroyed?arrow_forwardHi, can you elaborate about the relationships between Non-small-cell lung carcinoma and mutations in p53 and RAS protein?arrow_forwardHi, can you elaborate about the following: certain characterize mutations in p63 and compare that to known mutations in p53.arrow_forward
- In B cells, what mechanism ensures that only rearranged V genes are transcribed?arrow_forward(a) Identify both the cellular component and the location of the component that is responsible for producing the luciferase protein from mRNAs transcribed in the plasmid-containing T lymphocytes. Explain what dictates to the lymphocytes the correct order in which amino acids should be linked to form the luciferase protein.arrow_forwardB-cell development in the bone marrow is an inherently wasteful process. Nearly half of the pro-B cells produced will die without progressing to the next stage of development. This massive loss of pro-B cells is due to detrimental DJH rearrangements on both alleles of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus. the failure of the pro-B cell to make a complete immunoglobulin heavy-chain protein. the inability of many pro-B cells to proceed with rearranging a V₁ to their rearranged DJH sequence. the failure of many pro-B cells to up-regulate Pax5 and become committed to the B-cell lineage.arrow_forward
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