Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 13PS
Plant seeds store oils as droplets. An oil droplet membrane is a single layer of phospholipids. Draw a model for such a membrane. Explain why it is more stable than a bilayer.
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If you place phospholipids in an oil-based solution, would they still self-assemble into a bilayer? If so, describe its structure.
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Explain the following statement: The structure of all biomembranes depends on the chemical properties of phospholipids, whereas the function of each specific biomembrane depends on the specific proteins associated with that membrane.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
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- A cholesterol molecule consists of a polar region (shown in white) and a nonpolar region (shown in blue). The diagrams below show several possible orientations of a cholesterol molecule in a phospholipid bilayer. Which seems most reasonable? Cholesterolarrow_forwardWhen viewed by electron microscopy, the lipid bilayer is often described as looking like a railroad track. Explain how the structure of the bilayer creates this image.arrow_forwardEukaryotic cell membranes function as a hydrophobic barrier around the cell and prevent the passage of polar or charged molecules. Briefly explain how cell membranes work and use a simple diagram to aid your explanation. Refer specifically to hydrophobic and hydrophilic components in their structure.arrow_forward
- Some structures are held together by hydrophobic interactions. If those interactions were to break down, say for example the pressure exceeded the upper limit for the hydrophobic interactions that held the phospholipid bilayer together, would the structure be able to regain it's shape and functionality if the pressure decreased?arrow_forwardMost materials entering the cell pass across the cell membrane by diffusion. In general, the larger the molecule, the slower the molecule diffuses across the membrane. The graph shows the sizes of several molecules that can diffuse across a lipid bilayer. Use the bar graph to answer the following question. Which of the following is a logical prediction based on the graph shown? Size of Molecules Carbon dioxide Glucose Oxygen Water 50 100 150 200 Size (daltons) Cells contain more glucose than oxygen O B Glucose molecules must not be able to cross the cell membrane Carbon dioxide crosses the cell membrane faster than glucose O D Glucose crosses the cell membrane faster than water Moleculearrow_forwardExplain why phospholipids have a natural tendency to self-assemble into a bilayer. Why is this biologically important?arrow_forward
- List the following compounds in order of increasing lipid bilayer permeability: RNA, Ca2+, glucose, ethanol, n2, water.arrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes the structure of the phospholipid bilayer in plasma membranes? The polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. A The non-polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each other. The non-polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. B The polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each other. The polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each each other. The non-polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. The non-polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each each other. The polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane.arrow_forwardMatch the letters on the diagram below to the correct terms. 1. Glycoprotein E 2. Hydrophilic portion of a phospholipid 3. Glycolipid B 4. Hydrophobic portion of a phospholipid G 5. Peripheral membrane protein F 6. Hydrophobic portion of a transmembrane protein 7. Hydrophilic portion of a transmembrane protein Aarrow_forward
- The cell membranes are made of phospholipids arranged in a structure called the 'phospholipid bilayer'. Describe how the phospholipids interact with each other and water to keep the phospholipid bilayer together.arrow_forwardA membrane consists of 50% protein by weight and 50% phosphoglycerides by weight. The average molecular weight of the lipids is 800 Da, and the average molecular weight of the proteins is 50,000 Da. Calculate the molar ratio of lipid to protein.arrow_forwardIn general terms, what would you expect to be different about the permeability of a lipid bilayer made of phospholipids (modern cells) and a bilayer made of fatty acids (protocell)?arrow_forward
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