Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 10IMT
Summary Introduction
To identify:
The genetic material present in the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) used to build protein is related to the theme the relationship of the pathway that transforms energy and matter, structure to function, interactions within biological systems, information flow or evolution.
Introduction:
In all the cells present in the living organisms, the genetic information is coded by the DNA. The information present in the DNA is passed on to the next generation in the form of chromosomes. The information coded by the DNA expresses itself by transforming into the proteins.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Choose any/all that apply to protein synthesis.
Ribosomes aid in the formation of peptide bonds solely due to placing amino acids in
proximity of one another, and in the proper orientation.
The degeneracy of the genetic code is rather helpful, minimizing the harmful effects of many
mutations.
The 64 tRNA molecules are incredibly complex, with many features in common with one
another yet with enough variability to perform the unique job that each must do.
The ribosome reads mRNA in the 3'-5' direction, allowing the anticodon loops of tRNA to
interact in the proper orientation with the mRNA.
Of all the metabolic processes we studied over this course, protein synthesis produces the
most energy.
List 3 structural differences between DNA and RNA
List 4 possible differences between DNA and RNA
Chapter 4 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 4 - You look into a microscope and view an unknown...Ch. 4 - Explain how each word in the term fluid mosaic...Ch. 4 - Identify which of the following structures...Ch. 4 - The ER has two distinct regions that differ in...Ch. 4 - Why do cell walls make good targets for antibiotic...Ch. 4 - Name two similarities in the structure or function...Ch. 4 - Match the following organelles with their...Ch. 4 - DNA controls the cell transmitting genetic...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9SQCh. 4 - Prob. 10IMT
Ch. 4 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 4 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 4 - Plant seeds store oils as droplets. An oil droplet...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14PSCh. 4 - Interpreting Data A population of bacteria may...Ch. 4 - Doctors at a university medical center removed...Ch. 4 - Scientists can manipulate living cells, changing...
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- SAY IT WITH DNA: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS WORKSHEET: Practice Pays Having studied the process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins, you should be ready to decode some DNA "secret" messages. To do this, you must follow the procedure of protein synthesis as this is taking place right now in your cells; no short cuts! Practice these steps by following and finishing the partially solved message below. STEP 1: "Build" the mRNA molecule, matching the RNA nucleotides to the DNA nucleotides properly, letter by letter. (For purposes of simplicity, it will be assumed that this mRNA is bacterial; there are no introns to cut out!) STEP 2: Figure out the tRNA triplets (codons) which would fit the mRNA triplets (letter by letter). STEP 3: Look up each tRNA codon in the tRNA Dictionary (below), and find the corresponding symbol and amino acid abbreviation for that codon. Record that one-letter symbol (and its amino acid) below each codon. "Spc" = "space". If you have done this correctly, the…arrow_forwardDescribe the process of RNA interference (RNAI). Include the proteins involved, how the process works, what function(s) it performs and how RNAI might be used in basic research. Small pieces on RNA shut down protein translations. They bind to the mRNAs that code for those proteins. 1.arrow_forwardDescribe the process of translating mRNA into proteins. Be sure to also include the following key terms: tRNA, ribosomes, codon, base pairs, cytoplasm, amino acids.arrow_forward
- Diagram the central dogma of molecular biology (biological information flow) and include RNA processing in your diagram.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are true statements about DNA and RNA? Select all that apply. RNA contains the base uracil and the sugar ribose RNA contains the base thymine and the sugar deoyribose The monomer (repeating subunit) of both DNA and RNA is a nucleotide (a sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base) RNA has two strands, while DNA is single stranded DNA has two strands, while RNA is single strandedarrow_forwardMatch the following Characteristic to their proper Mutation: Question 4 options: CHOICES: 1. Missense Mutations 2. Silent Mutations 3. Nonsense Mutations 4. None of the Above DNA base pair that results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in the protein made by a gene. Also known as Nonsynonymous Mutation Mutation results in a shortened protein that may function improperly or not at all. Do not affect the structure or function of the protein because there is no effect on the amino acid sequence. Takes full advantage of the Wobble Hypothesis Altered DNA sequence prematurely signals the cell to stop building a protein. RNA processing is disrupted and the transcript is degraded before it even leaves the nucleus. DNA bases changes a gene’s reading frame. Also known as Synonymous Mutationarrow_forward
- SAY IT WITH DNA: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS WORKSHEET: Practice Pays Student Handout Having studied the process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins, you should be ready to decode some DNA "secret" messages. To do this, you must follow the procedure of protein synthesis as this is taking place right now in your cells; no short cuts! Practice these steps by following and finishing the partially solved message below. STEP 1: "Build" the mRNA molecule, matching the RNA nucleotides to the DNA nucleotides properly, letter by letter. (For purposes of simplicity, it will be assumed that this mRNA is bacterial; there are no introns to cut out!) STEP 2: Figure out the tRNA triplets (codons) that would fit the mRNA triplets (letter by letter). STEP 3: Look up each tRNA codon in the tRNA Dictionary (below), and find the corresponding symbol and amino acid abbreviation for that codon. Record that one-letter symbol (and its amino acid) below each codon. "Spc" = "space". If you have done this…arrow_forwardProvide a brief discussion in support of the following statement: “RNA is believed to have played an important role during the origin of life.”arrow_forwardA crime has occurred, and you are asked to help solve it. A forensics detective brings you a sample from the crime scene of what they believe is the suspect's DNA and asks you for chemical analy Your study of this sample reveals the presence of adenine, thymine, ribose, and uracil, leading you to conclude that the sample is A pure DNA probably a mixture of DNA and RNA C pure RNA probably a mixture of rRNA and mRNA MAR 12 tv MacBook Air DII DD esc F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F1 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 &arrow_forward
- 1) It asks to categorize and match the "possible answers" as components of translation, transcription, DNA replicaiton or common for all:arrow_forwardMatch the following with the correct nucleic acid. (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, or All RNA) 1. This molecule is complementary to DNA. 2. This molecule is part of translation. 3. This molecule is part of the ribosome. 4. This molecule contains anticodons. 5. This molecule is esponsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome. 6. DNA is used as a template to create this type of RNA molecule. 7. This molecule is part of transcription. 8. This molecule contains codons.arrow_forwardFor questions 1-4, fill in the DNA, mRNA and/or protein sequence.... For questions 1-4, fill in the DNA, mRNA and/or protein sequence. Fill in the DNA and mRNA three nucleotides (one codon) at a time. Fill in the protein sequence by typing in the amino acid found in the genetic code table. Type in the three letter abbreviation. For example, type in "Met" instead of "Methioine". For the stop codon, type in "stop". Capitalization doesn't matter when filling in the sequences of the amino acids. You will need to have a copy of the genetic code handy when completing this activity. Remember The two DNA strands must be complementary. That is, A pairs with T and C pairs with G. The template strand of DNA is transcribed into mRNA using our base-pairing rules. When making RNA, U is used in place of T. This means that if there is an A in the template DNA strand, there will be a U in the mRNA strand. Each codon (3 nucleotides) of the mRNA is translated into an amino acid to build a protein. Look…arrow_forward
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