Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 34, Problem 6WIO
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The reason why physicians may place a solution containing bovine tuberculosis bacteria into the patient’s bladder to treat the disease. Explain the reason why this treatment causes the patient’s immune system to launch an attack against the cancer cells. Write a prediction how bovine tuberculosis bacteria might help a patient’s immune system fight cancer.
Concept Introduction:
Bladder infection is caused by the infection of the lining of the cells in this organ. This infection can be caused by the micro-organisms like E.coli which adhere to the walls of the epithelial cells lining this organ. This organ stores the urine which is excreted from the human body.
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Answer the following related to the topic of immune defense:
a) Sometimes the body can attack its own tissue as if it was foreign. We call these disorders autoimmune diseases. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks its own myelin. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks the lining of the joints. How do you think each of these diseases would impact the function in the human body?
b) What role do other human body systems, such as the digestive system, the integumentary system, and the respiratory system play in protection? Provide an example for each system that demonstrates how a feature, substance, or action of that system helps keep you well.
The innate immune system has to be able to detect foreign invaders. Explain two ways that the innate immune system is able to detect these foreign invaders to allow a response to be mounted.
Which of the following cells would be most active in early, antiviral immune responses the first time one is exposed to pathogen?a. macrophageb. T cellc. neutrophild. natural killer cell
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 1MCCh. 34.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 34.1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 34.1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 34.2 - List the categories of inn ate defenses.Ch. 34.2 - Describe the physical barriers to infection.Ch. 34.2 - How do white blood cells contribute to innate...Ch. 34.2 - Prob. 4MCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 5MCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1MC
Ch. 34.3 - What are the two subdivisions of adaptive...Ch. 34.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 4MCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 6MCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 34.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 34.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 34 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 34 - Histamine acts on the _____, causing redness and...Ch. 34 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 34 - The innate immune response is characterized by its...Ch. 34 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 34 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 34 - Why is the secondary immune response so much...Ch. 34 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 34 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 34 - Prob. 1WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 34 - Explain why a scraped knee increases the chance...Ch. 34 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 10WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 34 - Explain the difference between clonal deletion and...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1PITCh. 34 - Prob. 2PITCh. 34 - Circle the immune system components that a vaccine...Ch. 34 - How do lymph and lymph nodes fit into this concept...Ch. 34 - Where else might macrophages fit into this concept...
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- The diagram shows a pathogen (in red) that is present in different cellular compartments of each of the cell types shown. In each case, a specific T cell subset will recognize peptides of that pathogen presented on MHC molecules on the surface of the cell, and will execute its effector function. From the list below, match the appropriate T cell effector response to the cell type and location of the pathogen. CD4 T cell killing of target cell CD8 T cell killing of target cell CD4 T cell activation of target cell’s antibody production CD8 T cell activation of target cell’s antibody production CD4 T cell activation of target cell’s ability to kill intracellular pathogen CD8 T cell activation of target cell’s ability to kill intracellular pathogenarrow_forwardHow could you distinguish the type of T cell that is active in an immune response? What outcomes would you be looking for to help determine which T cell is producing that result? Explain and provide examples.arrow_forwardThe largest and most effective of the phagocytes are: a. red blood cells b. lymph nodes c. macrophagesarrow_forward
- In HIV, helper T cells are affected. Describe how this impacts both the humoral and cell- mediated immune system. Why would an ordinary cold virus be dangerous to an AIDS patient?arrow_forwardHumoral immunity is the part of the adaptive immune system involving: A.cytotoxic T cells killing infected host cells B.neutrophils eating bacteria C.B cells making antibodies to target the invading pathogen D.Your skin cells protecting you from infection with the acidic pH on the surfacearrow_forwardExplain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. Which statement is true about T cells? a. They usually directly recognize antigens, which then activates a subpopulation of killer cells b. Their proliferation is enhanced by interleukins 1 and 2. c. Once activated, they cannot secrete cytokines. d. They will develop into cytotoxic T cells if antigen is complexed with class II MHC proteins.arrow_forward
- Describe the main functions of T cells. What are the main types of effector T cells and their functions? one pagearrow_forwardDefine the following terms:a. T cellsb. B cellsc. cellular immunityd. humoral immunitye. myoadenylate deaminase deficiencyarrow_forwardYou have acquired a vial of immature B cells and would like to use them to generate and harvest antibodies against a specific pathogen of interest. You do not have access to T cells. How might you produce antibody from the B cells you have? Add high concentrations of TI-1 antigen to the culture medium. Add low concentrations of TI-2 antigen to the culture medium. Add high concentrations of TI-2 antigen to the culture medium. Add low concentrations of TI-1 antigen to the culture medium.arrow_forward
- An example of innate immune cells are: A. Macrophages B. Dendritic cells C. T cells D. B cells E. A and B onlyarrow_forwardwhich two of following statements are true for an antigen prsent cell such as dendritic cell? a. Phagocytes are extra cellular pathogens b. Display processed pathoic peptide on the surface of the cell c. Produce antibodies specific for a pathogen d. Activate naive erythrocytesarrow_forwardWhat components of the immune system are involved in the immune response against tumor/cancer cells? Briefly mention their roles in the process.arrow_forward
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