Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 34, Problem 1PIT
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The actions of the immune system in help an animal to maintain homeostasis.
Concept Introduction:
Immune homeostasis involves the maintenance of internal environment and regulation of the defense against the invading pathogens. The antigen exposure causes the priming of the immune system cells to produce the effector and memory cells which destroy the foreign antigen inside the cells.
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4.Which of the following immune responses occurs when a cytotoxic T cell is activated?
Note: This is a multiple question, choose the correct answer below:
Cytotoxic T cells release histamine molecules that signal the blood vessels to dilate.
Cytotoxic T cells release antibodies that neutralize antigens of pathogens.
Cytotoxic T cells release proteins that trigger infected cells to undergo apoptosis and/or cytolysis.
Describe three (3) principal ways in which immune system fails
1. What physical barrier and non-specific defenses help to prevent infection? How is a "non-
specific" defense different from a "specific" defense?
2. Non-specific immunity is also called_immunity while specific immunity is called
3. Describe the roles of complement proteins, cilia (in lungs), natural killer cells and phagocytes.
How are these non-specific defenses?
4. Describe the inflammatory response. Describe how this happens.
5. How is the immune system (and inflammation) related to allergies?
6. What is an antigen? How does your immune system recognize it?
7. What is an antibody?
8. Know the difference between B cells, killer T cells, and helper T cells. What do they do? Where
are they produced, what type of immunity they provide, how do they kill foreign organisms.
9. Describe how the immune system responds to an infection..basically know how a B cell is
activated and how it makes antibodies.
10. What is the difference between a primary and a secondary immune response?
11. What…
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 1MCCh. 34.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 34.1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 34.1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 34.2 - List the categories of inn ate defenses.Ch. 34.2 - Describe the physical barriers to infection.Ch. 34.2 - How do white blood cells contribute to innate...Ch. 34.2 - Prob. 4MCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 5MCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1MC
Ch. 34.3 - What are the two subdivisions of adaptive...Ch. 34.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 4MCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 6MCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 34.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 34.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 34 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 34 - Histamine acts on the _____, causing redness and...Ch. 34 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 34 - The innate immune response is characterized by its...Ch. 34 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 34 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 34 - Why is the secondary immune response so much...Ch. 34 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 34 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 34 - Prob. 1WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 34 - Explain why a scraped knee increases the chance...Ch. 34 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 10WIOCh. 34 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 34 - Explain the difference between clonal deletion and...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1PITCh. 34 - Prob. 2PITCh. 34 - Circle the immune system components that a vaccine...Ch. 34 - How do lymph and lymph nodes fit into this concept...Ch. 34 - Where else might macrophages fit into this concept...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What are the roles of the innate immune system? Select all that apply. A. identity self vs. non-self B. provide a physical barrier to infection C. initiate inflammation D. suppress proliferation E. call for help from the adaptive immune system F. circulate fluids through the lymphatic systemarrow_forward4.Which of the following immune responses occurs when a cytotoxic T cell is activated? Note: This is a multiple question, choose the correct answer below: Cytotoxic T cells release antigen that inform other white blood cells to fight the pathogen causing the infection. Cytotoxic T cells release histamine molecules that signal the blood vessels to dilate. Cytotoxic T cells release antibodies that neutralize antigens of pathogens. Cytotoxic T cells release proteins that trigger infected cells to undergo apoptosis and/or cytolysis.arrow_forward15.In innate immunity, physical and chemical barriers serve as the human body's first line of defense. One of the chemical barriers is the sebum. How does the sebum function to protect the body from invasion and infection of pathogens? Note: This is a multiple question, choose the correct answer below: Sebum dilutes the number of microorganisms and washes the teeth and mouth. Sebum filters inhaled air by forming a trap for pathogens and dust. Sebum produces an acid that kills microorganisms in ingested food. Sebum provides a protective layer on the skin to inhibit growth of microorganisms.arrow_forward
- 1. Tolerance plays a critical role in the adaptive immune system. Immune cells should not recognize host (or self) antigens. What mechanisms are available to remove lymphocytes with receptors that do recognize self antigens? 2. Explain how an individual’s first and subsequent exposures to an allergen differ by describing how the immune system responds to exposure. Answer both questions pleasearrow_forward2. Describe when the inflammation is good and when it is bad. 3. How does a person get antibodies upon vaccination? 4. What will happen if a person cannot produce antibodies? 5. Why regulatory T cells important?arrow_forward12. Which of the following statements is not true about active immunity? Select one: a. It forms a specific defense against a particular antigen b. It will last for some time c. The particular antibody formed will react against many different antigens d. It is the result of T cell and B cell activity e. An antigen-antibody reaction must occur 15. What is released by macrophages and dendritic cells to stimulate the immune response? Select one: a. Histamines b. Antigens c. Lymphatic fluids d. Antibodies e. Cytokinesarrow_forward
- 8. Clonal Selection Hypothesis is the most accepted theory for how immune cells respond to specific antigens. Explain the clonal selection hypothesis. Use the autoimmune response, and immunological memory to suggest why the hypothesis may be correct....or not?arrow_forward44. Passive immunity differs from active immunity in that passive immunity results in the production of antibodies. involves the administration of preformed antibodies (produced outside the body) causes long-term immunity. results in the production of memory cells. is not effective against a preexisting condition.arrow_forward1. Describe how the immune system is able to produce receptors against a wide variety of antigens when the immune system has not yet encountered foreign antigens? answer the question and the picture pleasearrow_forward
- 3. How does a person get antibodies upon vaccination? 4. What will happen if a person cannot produce antibodies? 5. Why regulatory T cells important?arrow_forward1. Which of the following is mismatched? a. regulatory T cells: release inhibitory cytokines to dampen the immune response b. helper T cells: directly target and kill cancer cells C. cytotoxic T cells: carry out cellular immune responses d. B cells: can be activated to produce antibodies 2. Which of the following is not one of the basic functions of the nervous system? a. Formulate responses to sensory stimulation b. Send signals rapidly between body parts c. Produce major body fluids such as plasma and interstitial tissue fluid d. Detect sense stimuli 3. One example of a function of neuroglial cells is to... a. Add myelin to axons b. Produce neurotransmitters c. Bind neurotransmitters d. Link one neuron cell to another at the synapse 4. Which of the following features of a system is unlikely to lead to a stable homeostatic system? a. Negative feedback b. Positive Feedback c. Redundancy d. Complexity 5. Homeostasis is illustrated in the human body by the effects of insulin on…arrow_forward5. Explain a function for each of the types of T cells (Tн, Тс, ТR).arrow_forward
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Immune System and Immune Response Animation; Author: Medical Sciences Animations;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDdbUBXPKc4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Immune response: summary; Author: Dr Bhavsar Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADANgHkX4OY;License: Standard Youtube License