Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780618974122
Author: Andrei Straumanis
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 8CTQ
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The blank that is related to overlap of orbitals in
Concept introduction: Two or more of orbitals undergo redistributions of their different energies so as to form mathematically averaged orbitals in terms of energy although they may differ in shape and orientation. This phenomenon is referred as hybridization.
The energy and orientation of the new hybrid orbital depends upon by the kind and number of orbitals used in the hybridization. The new hybrid orbitals are always equal in number to number of atomic orbitals that combine.
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4. Valence Bond Theory. Consider formaldehyde, H₂CO. (
a) Draw a Lewis structure of formaldehyde.
b) Draw a picture using valence bond theory showing the bonding of
formaldehyde using appropriate hybrid orbitals. (Include electrons)
c) Describe the bonding of the C-O bond and C-H bond by listing the bond
type (σ, π) and the orbitals contributing to the bonding.
C-O:
C-H:
B. Answer the next two questions about the Lewis structure
of XYZ shown below.
メー三
-YEz:
I. What is the hybridization of the central atom?
II. For all covalent bonds, specify the type of bond (o vs. T)
and the atomic orbitals that overlap to form the bond.
For example, in a molecule of H2, the only bond is o:
H(s)-H(s).
Consider the following structure, which focuses on three atoms labelled 1, 2, and 3.
a) What is the hybridization (sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, sp3d2) of the atom labeled 2? ___________b) How many σ-bonds (sigma bonds) are there? ________c) How many π-bonds (pi bonds) are there? _______
Chapter 3 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1CTQCh. 3 - What neutral atom is represented by the electron...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 3 - Consider any one of the four identical hybrid...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 6CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 7CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 8CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 9CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 10CTQ
Ch. 3 - On the left side of Figure 3.6, label the areas...Ch. 3 - Prob. 12CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 13CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 14CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 15CTQCh. 3 - Now consider the fully formed molecule on the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1ECh. 3 - Explain why the two molecules below cannot...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3ECh. 3 - Consider the incomplete orbital representation of...Ch. 3 - Consider the following orbital representation of...Ch. 3 - Summarize how one determines the hybridization...Ch. 3 - Explain what is wrong with each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8ECh. 3 - Prob. 9ECh. 3 - Complete the following tables, and memorize their...Ch. 3 - Draw orbital representations of bonding in water...Ch. 3 - Draw electron configuration diagrams for carbon in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13E
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