Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 3, Problem 3Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The inference drawn from the fact that different vertebrate species have variations in the amino acid sequences of insulin enzyme and the reason behind the presence of amino acid sequences at only certain positions.
Introduction:
The activity of any enzyme depends upon the presence of specific amino acids in its structure. For example, in insulin enzyme, the hydrophobic amino acids are present that helps the enzyme to bind to its substrate.
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- Compare the experimentally defined locations of the amino acids from the SCAM data with the positions predicted in the topological model. Comment on whether these experimental data are consistent with the topology model; do the data support this model? If not, how do they differ?arrow_forwardIt is becoming possible for molecular biologists to synthesizealmost any protein desired. Suppose you use a phylogenetic treeof modern-day enzymes (e.g., Figure 2.21B) to predict the aminoacid sequence of a now-nonexistent ancestral enzyme form.What insights might you obtain by synthesizing the ancestralenzyme protein?arrow_forwardYou have isolated this peptide. AÇQGRKSPWTT TAHEVYPGGČMN What products would you get if you treated with: a) DTT ( dithiothreitol) b) Trypsin c) Carboxypeptidase A ( 1 cycle) d) Aminopeptidase M ( 2 cycles) e) DTT, then Iodoacetate, then elastasearrow_forward
- The a and ß subunits of hemoglobin bear a remarkable structural similarity to myoglobin. However, certain residues that are hydrophilic in myoglobin are hydrophobic in the subunits of hemoglobin. Why might this be the case? O Hydrophilic residues on the surface of myoglobin form ionic interactions with similar regions on other myoglobin molecules. O Hydrophobic residues on the surface of hemoglobin subunits interact with similar regions on the other subunits through van der Waals interactions. Hemoglobin forms long, extended structures that feature repeated sequences, whereas myoglobin forms globular structures. Myoglobin is a water-soluble protein, whereas hemoglobin is found in the hydrophobic environment of membranes.arrow_forwardConsidering all of the known organisms living on this plant, how many different standard amino acids are known to be used for the ribosomal biosynthesis of proteins in living cells? Select one: O 19 standard amino acids. O 20 standard amino acids. O At least, 21 standard amino acids. O At least, 22 standard amino acids. O Many more than 22 standard amino acids.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about amino acids is/are incorrect? 1. Standard amino acids are so named because these are the only amino acids there are. 2. Essential amino acids can be synthesized by the organism. 3. All standard amino acids are optically active. 4. Overall, naturally occurring amino acids are equally likely to be found having either an R or S configuration around the alpha carbon. O 1, 3, and 4 O 1, 2, 3, and 4 1 and 2 O 1, 2, and 3arrow_forward
- What was the first member of the kinesin su-perfamily to be identified and therefore is perhaps the best-characterized superfamily member. What fundamentalproperty of kinesin was used to purify it?arrow_forwardIn each case, these are enzymes that catalyze thesame reaction in different species. The question is: are they related or not? i.e. Are the structures essentially the same? Often you can get similar reactions from proteins thatevolved from a common ancestor (e.g., trypsin and chymotrypsin). Sometimes the samereaction can be catalyzed by proteins with very different evolutionary origins and with verydifferent structures (e.g., trypsin and subtilisin). Your job is to decide if these proteins have fundamentally different folds or if they have basically the same fold. Briefly justify your answer.1. Aminopeptidases from a mammal (PR1A) and the malaria parasite (PR1B)2. Bisphosphoglycerate mutase from a mammal (PR2A) and the toxoplasma parasite(PR2B)arrow_forwardPlease help me with part one questions 3,4,5 Thank you PDF link https://www.cusd80.com/cms/lib/AZ01001175/Centricity/Domain/8922/eofad.pdfarrow_forward
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