Chapter 28, Problem 3STP

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Arthropods have complex organ systems that helped them to live in a variety of habitats. Adaptations of many organ systems, such as the respiratory system and the nervous system, have led to the growth of these creatures.

Answer to Problem 3STP

Correct answer:

The correct answer is option (C) maintaining homeostatic water balance.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (C) maintaining homeostatic water balance. In most arthropods, cellular waste is removed from the blood by mulpighian tubules. Such tubules also help terrestrial arthropods to stay hydrated in their bodies in order to maintain a homeostatic water balance. Tubules are found in insects in the abdomen. Malpighian tubules are bound to an empty intestine containing undigested food waste to be removed from the body. So, the correct answer is option (C).

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (A) adding digestive enzymes to the intestines. To digest food arthropods have a complete, one-way digestive system with the mouth, gut, and anus, along with various glands that produce digestive enzymes. So, this is an incorrect option.

Option (B) allowing oxygen into the body. Arthropods acquire oxygen by using one of the three structures named tracheal tubes, gills, and book lungs. The book lungs are sac-like pockets with highly folded walls for respiration. The folded walls increase the surface area of the lungs and allow an efficient exchange of gases. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (D) transporting blood to body tissues. Arthropod blood is pumped through the heart to the vessels that bring the blood to the tissues of the body. The tissues are filled with blood that returns to the heart through the open spaces of the body. So, this is an incorrect answer.