Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2.6, Problem 28CYP
28. Draw simple structural molecules of triglycerides and phospholipids to compare their differences and similarities. What is an ester bond?
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Draw simple structural molecules of triglycerides and phospholipidsto compare their differences and similarities. What is an ester bond?
8) Define the following terms:
a. Hydrophobic
b. Hydrophillic
9) Describe the composition of a phospholipid and its relationship with water. Be specific
about how the different parts of a phospholipid interact with water.
11. List 2 polysaccharides that provide structure and strength. What is interesting about the
orientation/shape/bonding/architecture in these molecules?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1ELOCh. 2.1 - Prob. 2ELOCh. 2.1 - Prob. 3ELOCh. 2.1 - Prob. 4ELOCh. 2.1 - Prob. 5ELOCh. 2.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 5CYP
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 6ELOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 8ELOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 9ELOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 10ELOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 11ELOCh. 2.2 - 7. Explain how the concepti of molecules and...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 8CYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 9CYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 10CYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 11CYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 12CYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 2.3 - Prob. 12ELOCh. 2.3 - 13. Explain solutes, solvents, and hydration.Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 2.3 - 15. Describe the pH scale and how it was derived;...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 15CYPCh. 2.3 - Prob. 16CYPCh. 2.3 - 17. What properties of water make it an effective...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 2.3 - 19. What determines whether a substance is an acid...Ch. 2.4 - 16. Describe the chemistry of carbon and the...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 17ELOCh. 2.4 - Prob. 18ELOCh. 2.4 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 2.4 - Prob. 21CYPCh. 2.4 - Prob. 22CYPCh. 2.4 - 23. What are functional groups?Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 24CYPCh. 2.5 - 19. Define carbohydrate and know the functional...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 2.5 - 21. Discuss the functions of carbohydrates in...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 25CYPCh. 2.5 - Prob. 26CYPCh. 2.5 - 27. What are some of the functions of...Ch. 2.6 - 22. Define lipid, triglyceride, phospholipid,...Ch. 2.6 - 23. Describe how an ester bond is formed.Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 24ELOCh. 2.6 - 28. Draw simple structural molecules of...Ch. 2.7 - 25. Describe the structures of peptides and...Ch. 2.7 - 26. Characterize the four levels of protein...Ch. 2.7 - 27. Summarize some of the essential functions of...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 29CYPCh. 2.7 - 30. Differentiate between a peptide, a...Ch. 2.7 - 31. Explain what causes the various levels of...Ch. 2.7 - 32. What functions do proteins perform in a cell?Ch. 2.8 - 28. Identify a nucleic acid and differentiate...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 29ELOCh. 2.8 - 30. Explain how the DNA code may be copied, and...Ch. 2.8 - 33. Describe a nucleotide and a polynucleotide,...Ch. 2.8 - 34. Name the two purines and the three...Ch. 2.8 - 35. What are the functions of RNA?Ch. 2.8 - 36.What is ATP, and how does it function in cells?Ch. 2.L1 - 1. The smallest unit of matter with unique...Ch. 2.L1 - 2. The charge of a proton is exactly balanced by...Ch. 2.L1 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 2.L1 - 8. An atom that can donate electrons during a...Ch. 2.L1 - 9. In a solution of NaCl and water, NaCl is the...Ch. 2.L1 - 10. A solution with a pH of 2 than a solution with...Ch. 2.L1 - 11. Fructose is a type of a. disaccharide b....Ch. 2.L1 - 6. Bonds in which atoms share electrons are...Ch. 2.L1 - 13. How is our understanding of microbiology...Ch. 2.L1 - 14. A phospholipid contains a. three fatty acids...Ch. 2.L1 - 15. Proteins are synthesized by linking amino...Ch. 2.L1 - 16. The amino acid that accounts for disulfide...Ch. 2.L1 - 17. DNA is a hereditary molecule that is composed...Ch. 2.L1 - 18. What is meant by the term DMA replication? a....Ch. 2.L1 - 19. Proteins can function as a. enzymes b....Ch. 2.L1 - 20. RNA plays an important role in what biological...Ch. 2.L1 - 1. Which of the following has not been a major...Ch. 2.L1 - 2. What was a significant result of the Mars...Ch. 2.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 2WCCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 5WCCh. 2.L1 - 6. Why are hydrogen bonds relatively weak?Ch. 2.L1 - 7. What kind of substances will be expected to be...Ch. 2.L1 - Prob. 8WCCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 9WCCh. 2.L1 - 10. What makes the amino acids distinctive, and...Ch. 2.L1 - Prob. 11WCCh. 2.L1 - Prob. 12WCCh. 2.L1 - 6. Bonds in which atoms share electrons are...Ch. 2.L2 - Prob. 1CTCh. 2.L2 - Prob. 2CTCh. 2.L2 - Prob. 3CTCh. 2.L2 - 4. Distinguish between polar and ionic compounds.Ch. 2.L2 - 5. Is galactose an aldehyde or a ketone sugar?Ch. 2.L2 - 6. a. How many water molecules are released when a...Ch. 2.L2 - Prob. 7CTCh. 2.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 2.L2 - Prob. 1VC
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- 6. Identify the following functional groups AND provide an example of one biomolecule containing that functional group. A B C D E Chemical formula - PO, - COH -OH -COOH -NH₂ Structural formula O -O-P-0° 0= 0- N H -OH C=O OH H H Example: Example: Example: Example: Example: Riomolecules:arrow_forward5. Draw a diagram to show how the HH O H H O monomers to the right could be joined to form a polymer and identify the name of the linkage. H-N-C-C- OH + H-N-C-C-o-H CH3arrow_forward25. Look at the two types of fatty acids below, saturated and unsaturated. What is the difference between the two? H-C-H H-C-H H-C-H H-C-H H-C-H HO O Saturated Fatty Acid H H-C-H C-H H-C H-C-H H-C-H HO Unsaturated Fatty Acidarrow_forward
- Identify the following features of this phospholipid, which is needed for the brain and nerve tissues: Is the phospholipid formed from glycerol or sphingosine? What is the fatty acid? What type of bond connects the fatty acid? What is the amino alcohol?arrow_forward7. a) In terms of molecular bonds, why do starches supply more energy than simple sugars?arrow_forward1)Explain 3 benefits of proteins forming higher oligomeric states. 2) Why are peptide bonds planar?arrow_forward
- 12. The sugars glucose, fructose, and inositol all have the same formula i.e. C6H12O6 yet they have 3 very similar but different structures. This is an example of: a) geometric isomers b) structural isomers c) stereo isomers d) none are correctarrow_forward7. Hydrogen bonds are a crucial component of biomolecular structure and biomolecular interactions. In the following drawings, draw in several hydrogen bonds that are possible between atoms within the same molecule or between different molecules: A: Protein structure H₂C₁ #1 N-H N-C 0=C HR 1 N-H ORU 0=C N-HH-CR B: DNA base-pairing H H-N N-H N=C C-C H 0=C NIH C C=N HR 0=3₁ HR H-9-4 0-0 NIH N-H 0=C 0=0 RECH N-H N-H 0=8-₁ OH HR C: Plant cell wall (cellulose) CH₂OH H BỆNH O=C HA CH OH H CH₂OH ( он H HC-0 CH₂₂OH H OH 1 TH OH H IN HC- OH H CH₂OH CH₂₂OH O OH H C-CH H bH CH₂₂OH VA HS COK H ОН Biomolecules like DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates depend on hydrogen bonds to maintain their overall structure. However, each individual hydrogen bond is relatively weak. Using protein structure from the question above as an example, explain how to resolve the apparent contradiction between these two statements.arrow_forward7. What is the definition of a glycoside?arrow_forward
- The carbohydrates (CHOs), with a general formula of (CH₂O)n, are rich in hydroxyl groups. This allows the carbohydrates incredibly diversity of structure and function. Match the structural feature with the functional feature allowed. CHOs are useful for fast energy production. CHOs are widely used to mediate molecular recognition events. CHOS are widely used as structural materials. 1. 2. 3. Hydroxyl groups can interact extremely well with water. Hydroxyl groups can be extensively derivatized and functionalized. Hydroxyl groups allow CHOs to form extensive H-bonded networks.arrow_forward1. An oligosaccharide is a repeating unit of a-D-galactopyranosyl- (a-1- 3)-allopyranoside. Each of the disaccharide unit is linked via B-1-->4 glycosidic bond. Identify and draw the molecular structure. Identify and draw the structure. The oligosaccharide has 10 monosaccharide residue a. Upon the action of alpha-glycosidase, identify and draw all the possible products. b. What is the L-isomer of the Fisher projection of one epimer of D-allopyronoside. Draw the structure. Why is this an epimer of the monosaccharide? c. Is this saccharide a good substrate for glycolysis? Why or why not?arrow_forwardDiscuss Concepts Identify the following structures as a carbohydrate, fatty acid, amino acid, or polypeptide: a. (The R indicates an organic group.) b. C6H12O6 c. (glycine)20 d. CH3(CH2)16COOHarrow_forward
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