Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 19PDQ
In a population of 100 inbred, genotypically identical rice plants, variance for grain yield is 4.67. What is the heritability for yield? Would you advise a rice breeder to improve yield in this strain of rice plants by selection?
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A a soybean breeder is aiming to breed for early maturation. He was able to cross variety A which has desirable agronomic characteristics but late maturation with variety B which has less-than-ideal agronomic characteristics but early maturation. In addition to the F1 population, F2 and BC1 population were also generated. The variances for each population are presented below.
The mean and variance of plant height of two highly inbred strains (P1 and P2) and their progeny (F1 and F2) are shown here. Strain Mean (cm) Variance P1 34.2 4.2 P2 55.3 3.8 F1 44.2 5.6 F2 46.3 10.3 Calculate the broad-sense heritability (H2) of plant height in this species.
Two inbred lines of beans are crossed with one another. In the F1 generation, the variance in bean weight is 15. When the F2 generation is self-crossed, the F2 generation has the same mean, with a variance of 60. What is the genetic variance of bean weight in this population?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 25 - A homozygous plant with 20-cm-diameter flowers is...Ch. 25 - The following table shows measurements for fiber...Ch. 25 - The following cable gives the percentage of twin...Ch. 25 - At an interview with a genetic counselor, a couple...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2CSCh. 25 - At an interview with a genetic counselor, a couple...Ch. 25 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on a...Ch. 25 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 25 - Define the following: (a) polygenic, (b) additive...Ch. 25 - A dark-red strain and a white strain of wheat are...
Ch. 25 - Height in humans depends on the additive action of...Ch. 25 - An inbred strain of plants has a mean height of 24...Ch. 25 - Erma and Harvey were a compatible barnyard pair,...Ch. 25 - In the following table, average differences of...Ch. 25 - What kind of heritability estimates (broad sense...Ch. 25 - List as many human traits as you can that are...Ch. 25 - Corn plants from a test plot are measured, and the...Ch. 25 - The following variances were calculated for two...Ch. 25 - The mean and variance of plant height of two...Ch. 25 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 25 - Prob. 15PDQCh. 25 - In an assessment of learning in Drosophila, flies...Ch. 25 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 25 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 25 - In a population of 100 inbred, genotypically...Ch. 25 - Many traits of economic or medical significance...Ch. 25 - A 3-inch plant was crossed with a 15-inch plant,...Ch. 25 - In a cross between a strain of large guinea pigs...Ch. 25 - Type A1B brachydactyly (short middle phalanges) is...Ch. 25 - In a series of crosses between two true-breeding...Ch. 25 - Students in a genetics laboratory began an...Ch. 25 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 25 - Canine hip dysplasia is a quantitative trait that...Ch. 25 - Floral traits in plants often play key roles in...Ch. 25 - In 1988, Horst Wilkens investigated blind...
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- Population A consists of 100 hens that are fully isogenicand that are reared in a uniform environment. Theaverage weight of the eggs they lay is 52 g, and the variance is 3.5 g2. Population B consists of 100 geneticallyvariable hens that produce eggs with a mean weight of52 g and a variance of 21.0 g2. Population B is raised in anenvironment that is equivalent to that of Population A.What is the environmental variance (Ve) for egg weight?What is the genetic variance in Population B? What is thebroad-sense heritability in Population B?arrow_forwardOne variety of pigs reach maturity at 81 days with a variance of 6.4 days2 while a second variety takes 93 days to reach maturity with a variance of 6.6 days. An F2 population derived from these populations takes 87 days to reach maturity and has a variance of 8.5 days. What is the broad-sense heritability for this trait?arrow_forwardA wide-ranging survey of Nicotonia growing in its natural environment recorded a variation in corolla length ranging from 12mm to 47mm with a variance of 36.5. Subsequently, collected seeds were grown in a greenhouse and it was found that the range was now very much lower with most plants having similar corolla lengths and the variance was now only 8.4. ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWN a) What is the heritability of corolla length?arrow_forward
- What is the difference between broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability? Why is narrow-sense heritability such auseful concept in the field of agricultural genetics?arrow_forwarda) Two inbred lines of rice are intercrossed. In the F1, the variance in panicle weight is measured to be 12 g2. The F1 is selfed, and in the F2, the variance in panicle weight is 38 g2. Estimate the broad sense heritability of panicle weight in the F2 population of this experiment. b) If there is no genetic variation within a population for a given trait, what is the broad sense heritability value forthe trait in the population?arrow_forwardThe mean and variance of Corolla length in two highly strains of tabacco and their progeny are shown in the following table one parent (P1) has a short corolla and the other parent ( P2) have a long corolla calculate the broad sense heritability (H) of Corolla length in the plant Strain. Mean(mm). Variance (mm) P1 short 40.47. 3.12 P2 long. 93.75. 3.87 F1(P1×P2). 63.90. 4.74 F2(F1×F2). 68.72. 47.70arrow_forward
- A genetically diverse population (Population 1) of monkeyflowers is growing on an alpine slope. The seeds produced by 100 of these plants are counted and the mean and variance are calculated. The variance is 25. One plant is selected and cuttings are taken from it. These cuttings are cultivated in the greenhouse, producing many genetically identical clones of the same plant. These clones (Population 2) are then transplanted into the alpine population, allowed to grow for a year, and then the numbers of seeds produced by each of the cloned plants is counted. The variance in seed number among these cloned plants is 10. Assume that the alpine slope environment does not vary across the years of the experiment, and that there is no genotype-by-environmental variation for seed number. What is the broad-sense heritability for seed number for Population 1?arrow_forwardTwo loci contribute to eyelash length in angora rabbits (locus A and B). Assuming additive genetic variance and disregarding environmental effects, you determine that the following alleles contribute the following values to the total expression of lash length (in cm) A = 2.3, a=1.5, B=2.4, b=1.7 What would the phenotype of a rabbit with a genotype of AABb be? _________cmarrow_forwardIn a cross between two inbred lines of Drosophila, the F1 progeny has the phenotypic variance of 0.87 for the number of abdominal bristles. The F2 generation has the phenotypic variance of 3. a)What is the environmental variance? __________ b)What is the genetic variance of the F2? __________ In a plant, height varies between 6 and 36 cm and is governs by 3 genes with wild-type alleles being additive. What would be the genotype of a plant16 cm in height? there might be multiple possible answers Name one mutation which is a suppressor of bri1-5arrow_forward
- After the plants had grown to maturity and formed seed, seeds were collected from plants with either the shortest and or the longest corollas in the population and planted separately in the greenhouse. When flowers were formed it was found that the variance of the plants with the shortest flowers was now 4.2 while that of the flowers from the longest seeds had become 13.7 Calculate the new values for heritability in the different groups of plants and explain why this difference may arise.arrow_forwardIn a herd of dairy cattle, milk yield and the percentage of butterfat exhibit a geneticcorrelation of −0.38. If greater milk yield is selected in this herd, what will be the effecton the percentage of butterfat?arrow_forwardThe narrow-sense heritability (hN2) for potato weight in a starting population of potato plants is 0.42, and the mean weight is 1.4 pounds. If a breeder crossed plants with average potato weights of 1.9 and 2.1 pounds,respectively, what is the predicted average weight of potatoes fromthe offspring?arrow_forward
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