Chapter 23.1, Problem 3MI

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The given terms

Introduction:

A cell is the structural, functional, and biological unit of all living organisms. It is smallest unit for life. A cell can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound cell organelles, that help in functioning of cellular machinery by carrying out biochemical reactions.

Explanation of Solution

Vegetative reproduction − It is a kind of asexual reproduction that occurs in plants. Here, new plant grows from the fragment of parent plant.

Chemotaxis − It is the movement in certain organisms in response to certain chemical stimulus. Chemotaxis can be seen in bacteria and somatic cells.

Protonema − It is a thread-like chain of cells that is formed in the mosses in earlier stages of their life cycle.

Prothallus − It is the gametophyte stage in the life span of fern and some pteridophyte. It develops from the germinating spore.

Heterosporous − Seed-bearing plants, ferns, and some seedless plants are heterosporous in nature. These plants produce spores of two types that are separated by sex.

Megaspore − They are also termed as macrospores. They are found in heterosporous plants. Megaspore is a large spore that germinates into female gametophyte, which further produces egg cells.

Microspore − These spores that are found in land plants are converted into male gametophytes. Male gametophyte further develops into sperm cells.

Micropyle − It is a small opening in ovule’s surface. Through micropyle, pollen tube gets penetrate.