General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259883989
Author: by Janice Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 47P
The conversion of isocitrate to
![Chapter 23, Problem 47P, The conversion of isocitrate to ketoglutarate in step [3] of the citric acid cycle actually occurs](http://dev-ingestion-image-output.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/9781259883989/Chapter-23/images/html_83989-23-47p_image001.jpg)
a. Classify reaction [3a] as an oxidation, reduction, or decarboxylation.
b. Classify reaction [3b] as an oxidation, reaction, or decarboxylation.
c. For which step is
d. Why is the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction called isocitrate dehydrogenase?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Refer to the structure
1. The metabolic pathway is an example of
a. Oxidative dealkylation
b. Reduction
c. Oxidative deamination
d. Hydrolysis
2. This pathway is true for what kind of drugs
a. Endogenous amides
b. Endogenous amines
c. Radical species
d. Endogenous amino acids
Draw structures of three possible Phase I metabolites of the following molecule. Name the
reactions involved in each of the three metabolic pathways that you proposed.
N.
N-CH3
GLYCOLYSIS:
1A) Starting with glucose (in the open-chain Fisher projection), draw out the molecular structures for
each step of glycolysis. For each step, include the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction.
1B) What is the net reaction of glycolysis?
CITRIC ACID CYCLE:
2A) Starting with acetyl-coenzymeA and oxaloacetate, draw out the molecular structures for each step
of the citric acid cycle. For each step, include the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction.
2B) What is the net reaction of the citric acid cycle? What happens to each product?
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION:
3A) Thoroughly explain the biological significance of NADH/H* and FADH2 and their roles in
oxidative phosphorylation.
3B) Describe and diagram the general pathway of the electrons from NADH/H+ and FADH₂ to O₂
during the electron transport chain.
3C) What is "chemiosmotic coupling", and what is its relationship to ATP synthesis?
3D) During oxidative phosphorylation, what is oxidized and what is…
Chapter 23 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 23.1PCh. 23.3 - Prob. 23.2PCh. 23.3 - The phosphorylation of glucose to glucose...Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 23.3PCh. 23.3 - Use the values for the hydrolysis of creatine...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 23.2PPCh. 23.4 - Prob. 23.5PCh. 23.4 - Prob. 23.6PCh. 23.4 - Prob. 23.7PCh. 23.4 - Prob. 23.8P
Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 23.3PPCh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.9PCh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.10PCh. 23.5 - Prob. 23.11PCh. 23.6 - Prob. 23.12PCh. 23.6 - At several points in the electron transport chain,...Ch. 23.6 - In which region of the mitochondrion-the matrix or...Ch. 23 - Prob. 15PCh. 23 - Explain why mitochondria are called the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 17PCh. 23 - Prob. 18PCh. 23 - Prob. 19PCh. 23 - Prob. 20PCh. 23 - What are coupled reactions and why does coupling...Ch. 23 - Prob. 22PCh. 23 - Prob. 23PCh. 23 - Prob. 24PCh. 23 - Prob. 25PCh. 23 - Prob. 26PCh. 23 - Prob. 27PCh. 23 - Prob. 28PCh. 23 - Prob. 29PCh. 23 - Prob. 30PCh. 23 - Prob. 31PCh. 23 - Prob. 32PCh. 23 - (a) Draw the structure of the high-energy...Ch. 23 - Prob. 34PCh. 23 - Classify each substance as an oxidizing agent, a...Ch. 23 - Classify each substance as an oxidizing agent, a...Ch. 23 - When a substrate is oxidized, is NAD+ oxidized or...Ch. 23 - When a substrate is reduced, is FADH2 oxidized or...Ch. 23 - Prob. 39PCh. 23 - Prob. 40PCh. 23 - Prob. 41PCh. 23 - Prob. 42PCh. 23 - Prob. 43PCh. 23 - Prob. 44PCh. 23 - Prob. 45PCh. 23 - Prob. 46PCh. 23 - The conversion of isocitrate to ketoglutarate in...Ch. 23 - Prob. 48PCh. 23 - Prob. 49PCh. 23 - Prob. 50PCh. 23 - Prob. 51PCh. 23 - What is the role of each of the following in the...Ch. 23 - What is the role of each of the following in the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 54PCh. 23 - Prob. 55PCh. 23 - Prob. 56PCh. 23 - Prob. 57PCh. 23 - Prob. 58PCh. 23 - Prob. 59PCh. 23 - Prob. 60PCh. 23 - Prob. 61PCh. 23 - Prob. 62PCh. 23 - Prob. 63PCh. 23 - Prob. 64PCh. 23 - Prob. 65PCh. 23 - Prob. 66PCh. 23 - Prob. 67PCh. 23 - Prob. 68PCh. 23 - Prob. 69PCh. 23 - Prob. 70PCh. 23 - Prob. 71PCh. 23 - Prob. 72PCh. 23 - Prob. 73PCh. 23 - Prob. 74PCh. 23 - Prob. 75CPCh. 23 - Prob. 76CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In electron transport, NADH and FADH2 are used to provide a. oxygen b. electrons and hydrogen ions c. carbon atoms d. water and carbon dioxide e. thiol groupsarrow_forwardQ1. Where does drug metabolism mainly occur both in body and cell? Q2. What is the difference between phase I and II metabolism?arrow_forwardDescribeenergy consumed vs released in reactions. Differentiate between endergonic vs exergonic reactions, anabolism vs catabolism, and coupled reactions.arrow_forward
- 1. LDA 2. CH3CH2CH2CHO 3. Neutralizing work-up O 'Н Iarrow_forwardA patron has consumed 4 standard drinks in the past hour but does not appear to exhibit signs of intoxication. Why might that be? A The patron has a fast metabolism. B The patron is drinking plenty of water. C The patron has sobered up by drinking coffee. D The patron has developed a tolerance to alcohol.arrow_forwardDraw the organic compound J and classify/ name the chemical transformationarrow_forward
- Explanation: b) The metabolic pathway of warfarin is deficient since this patient is a Warfarin is partially metabolised, most of it remaining in the bloodstream of warfarin's therapeutic effect. g 5. The addition of glucuronic acid to a drug: a. Decreases its water solubility b. Leads to inactivation of the drug C. c. Is an example of a Phase I metabolism reaction d. Occurs at the same rate in adults and new-borns e. Involves cytochrome P450 Explanation: b) The addition of glucuronic acid to a drug leads to an increase in its enhances the inactivation and subsequently excretion of the drug. garrow_forwardWhy is the conversion of lactic acid from the blood into glucose in the liver in an organism’s best interest?arrow_forward(a) Write the deprotonation equations for citric acid FÓRMULA pKal pK2 pK23 pKa4 он HO-C–CH2–C–CH2–Ĉ–OH 2.94 4.14 5.82 16.0 0=C–OHarrow_forward
- 5) A certain aerobic organism is able to metabolize the following glycolipid: "CH,OH H OH но OH A. Draw the 2 resulting structures that would occur upon initial hydrolysis of the 0-glycosidic bond. B. Calculate how much ATP is formed upon complete aerobic oxidation of one mole of the compound. Assume that no ATP is produced when one mole of the glycosidic bond in the above compound is hydrolyzed. Show calculation below.arrow_forwardOrder the steps of the endogenous pathway starting with VLDL in the liver. Question 99 options: excess LDL taken up by receptors in the liver LDL circulates to deliver cholesterol to peripheral cells After a meal, VLDL in liver packaged with trigs and cholesterol and sent into circulation IDL transported to liver and broken down into LDL VLDL interacts with LPL to release its fatty acids. Becomes IDLarrow_forwardWhy is Omega 3 fatty acids essential?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305960060
Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285853918
Author:H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic And Biological Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305081079
Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
DIGESTER-35 | VITAMINS AND THEIR RELATED COENZYMES| GPAT | NIPER | PHARMACIST| DI; Author: GPAT DISCUSSION CENTER;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGrdNYmho0s;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY