Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 18TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Alleles are the alternative forms of a gene. Most of the genes consist of two alleles— recessive and dominant alleles. The dominant trait gets expressed only when the organism is heterozygous for that particular trait.
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In Mexican hairless dogs, a dominant allele codes for hairlessness. However, inheriting two dominant alleles is lethal; the fetus dies before birth. Suppose a breeder mates two dogs that are heterozygous for the hair allele. What are the predicted genotype and phenotype ratios of the puppies that are born?
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B) Based off the above information, what percentage of the offspring will be heterozygous?
Chapter 23 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 23 - a. What is a major source of genetic variation for...Ch. 23 - In a population of 200 mice, 98 are homozygous...Ch. 23 - Use the allele frequencies you determined in...Ch. 23 - Practice using the Hardy-Weinberg equation so that...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5IQCh. 23 - Why hasnt the highly deleterious sickle-cell...Ch. 23 - a. What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? b. Define...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 23 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 23 - Mice have an estimated 1,000 olfactory receptor...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 23 - If a population has the following genotype...Ch. 23 - In a population with two alleles, B and b, the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 23 - In a random sample of a population of shorthorn...Ch. 23 - Genetic drift is likely to be seen in a population...Ch. 23 - Porphyria variegata is a genetic disease...Ch. 23 - Cystic fibrosis is a very serious genetic disorder...Ch. 23 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 21TYK
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- You discover a new allele of a gene important for tail formation in mice. WT mice have long tails, but mice heterozygous for the allele have short tails. When you cross two heterozygous mice together, you obtain a 2:1 ratio of short-tailed mice to long-tailed mice. None of the short-tailed progeny are homozygous. What type of allele results in short tails? A) dominant negative allele B) temperature-sensitive allele C) lethal allele D) partially dominant allele E) incompletely penetrant allelearrow_forwardMalaria is a leading cause of human illness and mortality worldwide, with 200 million people infected and 600,000 deaths each year. In the 1960s, the incidence of malaria was reduced owing to the use of insecticides that killed mosquitoes in the genus Anopheles, which transmit the disease from person to person. But today, mosquitoes are becoming resistant to insecticides--causing a resurgence in malaria. In this exercise, you will investigate whether alleles encoding resistance to insecticides have been transferred between closely related species of Anopheles. To find out whether transfers have occurred, you will analyze DNA results from two species of mosquitoes that transmit malaria (Anopheles gambiae and A. coluzzii) and from A. gambiae × A. coluzzii hybrids. Resistance to DDT and other insecticides in Anopheles is affected by a sodium channel gene, kdr. The allele r of this gene confers resistance, while the wild type (+/+) genotype is not resistant. Researchers sequenced the kdr…arrow_forwardSickle cell anemia is caused by a recessive allele at a single gene. As we discussed in class, being a homozygote for the sickle cell allele is almost always lethal, but heterozygotes tend to be resistant against malaria although they have a mild form of anemia. Because of this heterozygote advantage, the allele for sickle cell anemia has a frequency of more than 10% in some human populations. How would present allele frequencies of the sickle cell allele change, if there was no heterozygote advantage or disadvantage (that is, that heterozygotes would be identical to ‘normal’ homozygotes – no malaria resistance, no anemia)? How would the change in sickle cell allele frequencies compare to scenario a (extirpation of malaria)arrow_forward
- 2) The year is 2050. The climate has continued to warm. Areas in northern Canada and Alaska are without snow or ice; the average annual temperature has risen and previously snow-covered areas are now shrub land and some temperate forests. What effect would such a climatic change have on the gene pool of the rabbits? All BUT ONE could apply. A) The allelic frequency has most likely shifted to 85% GG and 15% gg. B) The dominant allele in the gene pool would become G, the previously rare allele. C) The allele for white, g, would be scarce and perhaps nonexistent in the population. D) White rabbits would be at a disadvantage in terms of camouflage and would likely fall prey to predators.arrow_forwardAssume an ideal diploid population of size 2N=32 (Just like the Buri Drosophila drift experiment with 16 individuals, or 32 gene copies, every generation). a) What is the probability that a neutral allele present in exactly 16 copies will CHANGE BY FEWER than 2 copies in the next generation? Be sure you understand that this includes cases where the number of copies remains unchanged, as well as the cases (plural!) where the magnitude of change between generations is one. b) What is the ultimate probability of fixation for this allele by drift? c) In the same population, what is the probability that a neutral allele present in exactly 2 copies will change by fewer than 2 copies (same meaning as above) in the next generation? d) What is the ultimate probability of fixation for this allele by drift?arrow_forwardIn fruit flies, yellow body is a sex linked recessive allele. The dominant allele is dark bodied. If a female with a yellow body mates with a male with a dark body, then what percent of the female offspring will be yellow? O O O O a) 0 b) 25 c) 50 d) 75 e) 100arrow_forward
- Read in your textbook about positive assortative mating. In this example, from your text, positive assortative mating is 100% (i.e. there is no random mating). Note that the frequency of heterozygotes is cut in half each generation. Does this match your answers above? Look at the actual values make sure you understand why positive assortative mating leads to an increase in homozygosity. (a) Only heterozygotes produce heterozygote offspring, but only 50% of the time Homozygote parent for A, Heterozygote parent Homozygote parent for A, Eggs A, A, Eggs A2 A, Eggs A2 A2 A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 Az A2 A2 (b) Effect of extreme inbreeding (self- fertilization) over time A, A, Homozygote A, A2 Heterozygote A2 A2 Homozygote The arrows represent A, p= 0.5 offspring genotypes that are produced by each parental genotype Generation 1 Az q = 0.5 100% 25% 50% 25% 100% A, p= 0.5 Az q= 0.5 Generation 2 100% 25% 50% 25% 100% The frequencies of…arrow_forwardThe fraggles are a population of mythical, mouselike creatures that live in underground tunnels and chambers beneath a large vegetable garden that supplies their food. They can reproduce VERY quickly! Of the fraggles currently in this population, 372 have green fur and 182 have gray fur. Green fur is controlled by a dominant allele F and gray fur by a recessive allele f. d) How many fraggles are homozygous recessive (ff)? e) How many fraggles are homozygous dominant (FF)?arrow_forwardIn a randomly mating population of mice, 3 out of 200 mice are anemic. Anemia is a recessive condition where the affected mice do not have enough red blood cells to carry the required oxygen molecules to the tissues. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype for anemia in this population?arrow_forward
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