Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 6TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: A population is said to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium where the allele and genotype frequencies remain constant over generations.
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Consider the Hardy-Weinberg equations. If the frequency of a recessive allele is 0.3, what is the frequency of the dominant allele?
Which of the following applies to the Hardy-Weinberg expression:p2 + 2pq + q2?a. Knowing either p2 or q2, you can calculate all the otherfrequencies.b. It applies to Mendelian traits that are controlled by one pairof alleles.c. 2pq = heterozygous individualsd. It can be used to determine the genotype and allelefrequencies of the previous and the next generations.e. All of these are correct.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive autosomal disorder. In certain populations of Northern European descent, the number of people born with this disorder is about 1 in 2500. Assuming Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium for this trait:
A. What are the frequencies for the normal and CF alleles?
B. What are the genotype frequencies of homozygous normal, heterozygous, and homozygous affected individuals?
C. Assuming random mating, what is the probability that two phenotypically unaffected heterozygous carriers will choose each other as mates?
Chapter 23 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 23 - a. What is a major source of genetic variation for...Ch. 23 - In a population of 200 mice, 98 are homozygous...Ch. 23 - Use the allele frequencies you determined in...Ch. 23 - Practice using the Hardy-Weinberg equation so that...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5IQCh. 23 - Why hasnt the highly deleterious sickle-cell...Ch. 23 - a. What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? b. Define...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 23 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 23 - Mice have an estimated 1,000 olfactory receptor...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 23 - If a population has the following genotype...Ch. 23 - In a population with two alleles, B and b, the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 23 - In a random sample of a population of shorthorn...Ch. 23 - Genetic drift is likely to be seen in a population...Ch. 23 - Porphyria variegata is a genetic disease...Ch. 23 - Cystic fibrosis is a very serious genetic disorder...Ch. 23 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 21TYK
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- A population of mice contains 20 animals Show work here: with white tails and 30 animals with grey tails. Grey tails are the dominant trait. a. What is the frequency of the white allele? b. What is the frequency of the grey allele? c. What is the frequency of heterozygotes? d. What is the frequency of mice homozygous for the grey allele?arrow_forwardAlbinos produce very little of the pigment melanin in their skin and hair. Albinism is inherited as a homozygous recessive trait. In North America, about 1 in 20,000 people are albinos. a. What is the frequency of the dominant allele for albinism?b. What is the frequency of albinos?c. What is the frequency of heterozygotes?arrow_forwardUsing the HardyWeinberg Law in Human Genetics Suppose you are monitoring the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the MN blood group locus (see Question 2 for a description of the MN blood group) in a small human population. You find that for 1-year-old children, the genotypic frequencies are MM = 0.25, MN = 0.5, and NN = 0.25, whereas the genotypic frequencies for adults are MM = 0.3, MN = 0.4, and NN = 0.3. a. Compute the M and N allele frequencies for 1-year-olds and adults. b. Are the allele frequencies in equilibrium in this population? c. Are the genotypic frequencies in equilibrium?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the Hardy-Weinberg expression: p2 + 2pq + q2? Group of answer choices p2 is the frequency of individuals with the homozygous recessive genotype. 2pq is the frequency of individuals with the heterozygous genotype. It can be used to determine the genotype and allele frequencies of the previous and the next generations. Knowing either p2 or q2, you can calculate all the other frequenciesarrow_forwardIn the previous question (see text below if unsure) what is the frequency of the different genotypes? You cross organisms with genotypes AaBb to one another (i.e. AaBb X AaBb). What are the genotypes of gametes that these individuals can produce? Group of answer choices A. heterozygous ones are more common B. all are produced in equal numbrers C. recessive ones are more common D. dominant ones are more commonarrow_forwardBased on this information (picture) A. What is the probability that a randomly sampled individual from the population has two copies of the a allele (that is, that it has an aa genotype)? B. What is the probability that both members of a randomly sampled married couple (man and woman) are aa at the asparagus-smelling gene? C. What is the probability that both members of a randomly sampled married couple (man and woman) are heterozygotes at this locus (meaning that each person has one allele A and one allele a)? D. Consider the type of couple described in (c). What is the probability that the first child of such a couple also has one A allele and one a allele (is a heterozygote)? Remember that the child must receive exactly one allele from each parent.arrow_forward
- In a hypothetical population, matings involving two individuals heterozygous for the phenylketonuria allele on chromosome 12 result in 10% of the offspring showing the effects of the disease. This percentage arises because: A. the trait has pleiotropic effect B. the trait assorts independently C. the trait has low expressivity D. the trait has only partial penetrance E. the trait is sex-influencedarrow_forwardThe Valyrian elders are doing projections about the future and want to calculate the frequencies of certain genotypes in the next generation. They are only interested in figuring out what proportion of the next generation will bear the signature Valyrian silver hair phenotype. (Assume the allele frequencies remain unchanged from the first part of this question.) A-What will the frequency of the AA genotype be? b-What will the frequency of the Aa genotype be?arrow_forwardIn a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 190 out of 1000 individuals have polydactyly. Note that the trait is dominant. a. What is the frequency of the dominant and recessive alleles? b. How many are expected to be heterozygotes for the trait? c. How many are expected to be homozygous dominant?arrow_forward
- Excessive secretion of male sex hormones results in premature sexual maturation in males and masculization of the sex characters in females. This disorder is called the adrenogenital syndrome, and in Switzerland there is an autosomal recessive form of the disease that affects about one in 5000 newborns. a. Assuming random mating, what is the allele frequency of the recessive? b. What is the frequency of heterozygous carriers?arrow_forwardConsider the following pedigree below for a rare autosomal trait. Be sure to take into account the inbreeding convention, when needed. 1. What is the probability that individual B is heterozygous? 2. What is the inbreeding coefficient of individual E? 3. After divorce, individual “A” decides to marry at random outside the pedigree. If the population allele frequency of the rare autosomal trait is 0.012, what are the chances of having an affected child for his first born of his second marriage?arrow_forwardCystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive autosomal disorder. In certainpopulations of Northern European descent, the number of peopleborn with this disorder is about 1 in 2500. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for this trait:A. What are the frequencies for the common (non-disease-causing)allele and the mutant (disease-causing) allele.B. What are the genotype frequencies of homozygous unaffected,heterozygous, and homozygous affected individuals?C. Assuming random mating, what is the probability that twophenotypically unaffected heterozygous carriers will chooseeach other as mates?arrow_forward
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