Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 5IQ
Summary Introduction
To create: A concept map of microevolution.
Introduction: The field of biology that deals with the study of the composition of genetic material within a population is called population genetics. Certain factors that lead to the process of evolution are natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and migration; all these lead to changes in the genetic composition.
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In an ideal population of plants with red (due to dominant “R” allele) or white flowers (due to recessive “r” allele), the frequency of white flowers is 9%. Draw a Punnett square and identify the location of the white flowered plants within the square using the color red. Identify where the “R” allele is designated on the Punnett square using the color green. What is the frequency of the “R” allele?
a) 9% b) 30% c) 91% d) 70%
In addition to the number of trichomes on the leaf petioles, you could alternately select for a different trait--such as the height of the plant at first flower, or leaf color--and choose the individual plants that are at one extreme for this trait to be the parent plants in your experiment.
The following data were obtained in an artificial selection experiment with Wisconsin Fast Plants.
What is the mean height of the plants in the parent population, rounded to the nearest tenth (0.1)?
The gel image below shows 7 alleles, let's call them 1-7 in order of size, with 1 being the largest and 7 being the smallest. Imagine
the unlikely case that the 11 individuals represented in the gel image above were truly representative of the population. What is the
frequency (f) of allele 6? Give your answer as a percentage, to one decimal place, do not include the % symbol.
Answer: In the gel image below the frequency of allele 6 is 18 percent.
Photograph of UV illuminated 1 % agarose TBE gel run for 40 minutes at 120 V, showing the
result of PCR from a variable number tandem repeat region in 11 differentindividuals (A-K)
A B C DE F G H IJK
2000|
1650
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500
Key:
Lane 1: DNA ladder, see image for fragment sizes (bp).
Lanes 2-13: PCR products from the same variable numbertandem repeat (VNTR)
autosomal region of DNA from 11 different individuals (A-K).
Chapter 23 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 23 - a. What is a major source of genetic variation for...Ch. 23 - In a population of 200 mice, 98 are homozygous...Ch. 23 - Use the allele frequencies you determined in...Ch. 23 - Practice using the Hardy-Weinberg equation so that...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5IQCh. 23 - Why hasnt the highly deleterious sickle-cell...Ch. 23 - a. What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? b. Define...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 23 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 23 - Mice have an estimated 1,000 olfactory receptor...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 23 - If a population has the following genotype...Ch. 23 - In a population with two alleles, B and b, the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 23 - In a random sample of a population of shorthorn...Ch. 23 - Genetic drift is likely to be seen in a population...Ch. 23 - Porphyria variegata is a genetic disease...Ch. 23 - Cystic fibrosis is a very serious genetic disorder...Ch. 23 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 21TYK
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- For the trichome selection experiment, the null hypothesis is that there will be no difference between the mean number of trichomes in the second generation compared to the parent generation. The following bar graph shows the data from the experiment, including error bars showing ± 2 standard deviations (a measure of variation for a group of data as a whole). Based on the data provided, do you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Select the answer that most strongly supports your choice and correctly justifies the response. Based on the data provided, do you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Select the answer that most strongly supports your choice and correctly justifies the response. A. Reject the null hypothesis, as variation, shown by the error bars, is greater after selection. B. Reject the null hypothesis, as there is no overlap between the means as shown by the error bars. C. Reject the null hypothesis, as the error bars for the two groups show…arrow_forwardpopulation is black in colour but about 1/4 of them are white. gene (B) that produces an enzyme that converts a pigment molecule to produce the Black colour. There are 2 alleles of this gene - the dominant B and the recessive b. DNA analysis shows that black individuals have either a BB or Bb genotype and that white individuals have a bb phenotype. However, you have discovered that a small percentage of White individuals have either a BB or Bb genotype. Explain two reasons that could explain this apparent anomaly. They have a BB or Bb genotype but a white phenotype.arrow_forwardIn human population X, consider the simple Mendelian trait for freckles. F is the dominant allele and f is the recessive allele. Individuals who are homozygous dominant (FF) or heterozygous (Ff) for the trait express freckles. Individuals who are homozygous recessive (ff) for the trait do not express freckles. In this population, 30% (0.3) of the alleles are recessive (f) and 70% (0.7) are dominant (F). Q1. Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to determine the genotype frequencies we should expect in the next generation. Be sure to show your work. Q2. You have collected data on the observed genotype frequencies of the next generation. They are: 60% FF, 30% Ff, and 10% ff. Based on these observations and your expectations, is this trait currently evolving in this population? Why or why not? Show your work.arrow_forward
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