Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 22.2, Problem 2COMQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Molecular pharming is a significant technique that is used for the production of medically important proteins in the mammary glands of livestock such as, sheep, cattle, and pigs. The milk produced by transgenic livestock includes some useful proteins which, are beneficial to humans. A crucial advantage of this is there are certain proteins that are more likely to function properly when produced in mammals due to certain specific covalent modifications that do not occur in bacteria.
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Which of the following statements about the lac operon is correct?
1. lacZ, lacY and lacA proteins are translated using the same RNA molecule.
2. Lacl is a gene that codes for allolactose.
3. Allolactose activates transcription of lacz, lacY and lacA.
4. In the presence of lactose, the repressor is active.
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 4 only
E. All of 1, 2, 3, and 4 are correct.
If the above gene is one of the three structural genes of the lac operon that codes for the protein/ enzyme responsible for breaking lactose into two molecules of simple sugars, what triggers the activation of this gene?
a.
Absence of Inhibitory protein
b.
Presence of lactose
c.
Absence of lactose
d.
Presence of Inhibitory protein
e.
Absence of Regulatory protein
A mutation occurs in the lac operon operator site such that LacI can no longer bind to the operator site. The effect that this mutation has on the cell is that
a. the activity of the lac operon will not be affected.
b. the cell can no longer convert lactose to glucose.
c. the expression of the lac genes cannot be turned off.
d. the expression of the lac genes cannot be turned on.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 22.1 - 1. Which of the following uses of microorganisms...Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.1 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 22.2 - When a cloned gene is inserted into a noncritical...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 22.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 22.4 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.5 - A means of introducing a cloned gene into cells...
Ch. 22.5 - 2. Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 22 - 1. What is a recombinant microorganism? Discuss...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 22 - 3. What is bioremediation? What is the difference...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 22 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 22 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 22 - 7. What is a transgenic organism? Describe three...Ch. 22 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 22 - Explain the difference between gene modification...Ch. 22 - As described inChapter 5, not all inherited traits...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 22 - 12. Discuss the concerns that some people have...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1EQCh. 22 - 2. Bacillus thuringiensis makes toxins that kill...Ch. 22 - Prob. 3EQCh. 22 - Prob. 4EQCh. 22 - Prob. 5EQCh. 22 - What is a gene knockout? Is an animal or plant...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7EQCh. 22 - Evidence [see P. G. Shiels, A. J. Kind, K. H....Ch. 22 - Prob. 9EQCh. 22 - 10. What is reproductive cloning? Are identical...Ch. 22 - Researchers have identified a gene in humans that...Ch. 22 - Treatment of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency...Ch. 22 - Several research studies are under way that...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1QSDCCh. 22 - 2. A commercially available strain of P....Ch. 22 - Prob. 3QSDC
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- Which of these BEST DESCRIBE tryptophan in the Trp Operon? A. Acts as a corepressor B. Acts as a coactivator C. Acts as an inducer D. Acts as an enhancerarrow_forwardThe gad operon is controlled by a number of transcription factors that regulate a promoter of approximately 450bp. Which would NOT explain why bacterial promoters are shorter than the typical eukaryotic promoter? a. Bacteria do not have nucleosomes b. Bacteria do not have mediator complex c. Each operon is regulated by only one signal d. All of the above are truearrow_forwardGenes of related function frequently cluster into: please explain the answer a.transcripts b.oligomers c.operons d. operatorsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about trp operon regulation is TRUE? A. Low trp levels result in trp repressor binding. O B. High trp levels result in transcriptional antitermination. C. Low trp levels cause the ribosome to fall off at the trp codons in the upstream ORF. O D. High trp levels cause the ribosome to fall off at the trp codons in the upstream ORF. O E. Low trp levels result in transcriptional antitermination. QUESTION 34 Consider the following partial diploid for the lac operon system. lacl+ O+ lac Z+Y-A- lacls O+ 1. 2. lac Z-Y+ A+ In this configuration, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. With no lac present, ZYA will all be expressed. B. with lac present none of the genes (ZYA) will be expressed. O C. With no lac present, only YA will be expressed. D. None of these answers is correct. E. With no lac present, only Z will be expressed.arrow_forwardAs trytophan levels increase in the cell, _____ bind(s) to active aporepressors, causing ______ of tryptophan operon. a. inducers, negative regulation b. repressors, co-repressing c. tryptophan, negative regulation d. tryptophan, positive regulation e. B-lactose, negative regulationarrow_forwardE. coli are grown on a medium containing lactose. Once glucose is added to the medium, the bacteria stop fermenting lactose. Which of the following BEST explains the observed effect? A. Cellular levels of cAMP are lowB.Glucose is bound to the promoter C. Repressor protein is bound to the operator D. Repressor protein is bound to the promoterarrow_forward
- In the lac operon, how would gene expression be affected if each one of the following segments was missing? A. lac operon promoter B. Operator site C. lacA genearrow_forwardYou are studying a bacterial plasmid that contains 3 operons and 9 genes. How many transcriptional promoters are on this plasmid and how many start codons? Select one: a. 3 promoters and 3 start codons. b. 9 promoters and 9 start codons. c. 3 promoters and 9 start codons. d. 9 promoters and 3 start codons.arrow_forwardA mutation in the operator region of the trp operon can prevent the trp repressor from binding to this operator. When these mutant cells are placed in a solution containing chicken broth, which of the following happens? a. Tryptophan would bind to the repressor. b. The Repressor would bind to the operator irrespective of the presence of amino acids in the environment. c. The transcription of the trip operon would be inhibited. d. The transcription of the repressor protein is inhibitedarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements correctly describes promoters in E. coli a.A promoter may be present on either side of a gene or in the middle of it. b.All promoters have the same sequence, which is that recognized by RNA polymerase holoenzyme. c.Many promoters are similar and resemble a consensus sequence. d.Every promoter has a different sequence, with little or no resemblance to other promoters.arrow_forwardWhich of the following environmental conditions would be MOST likely to result in transcription of the lac operon in an E. colicell? A. low levels of lactose and high levels of glucose B. high levels of lactose and high levels of cyclic AMP C. low levels of lactose and low levels of cyclic AMP D. high levels of lactose and high levels of glucosearrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. promoter b. consensus sequence c. operon d. chromatin-remodeling complex e. general transcription factorsarrow_forward
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