Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 22, Problem 4EQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The purpose behind the kanamycin, plant growth hormone and carbenicillin in the media, and the action shown in media when kanamycin is left out.
Introduction:
T- DNA (transfer deoxyribonucleic acid) of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used for the production of transgenic plants. T- DNA is inserted in the chromosomal DNA of the plant as a vector for production of cloned genes. The vector gene is then transformed into the bacteria. The plant is then exposed to the bacteria. A rapid cell divisionfollows the infection of Agrobacterium. The cells of the plant are treated with kanamycin and carbenicillin. This agent is used in the media to kill Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
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Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation is a method used to create transgenic plants.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a soil bacterium works exceptionally well as a natural genetic
engineer. Describe briefly the creation of a transgenic plant using A. tumefaciens with
illustration.
Genetically modified foods are products produced from organisms that have had changes
introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering. Golden rice, Flavr Savr
tomatoes and Roundup Ready soyabeans are products of this technology. Discuss the
advantages of these three genetically modified crops. Name ONE (1) strategy to produce
transformed plant cells.
You are cloning a gene called ice, which will help strawberry plants
survive in cold weather, into a test group of strawberry plants. Select
the events you would use to genetically engineer these plants.
Insert the ice gene into the T-DNA region of a Ti plasmid;
transform Agrobacterium tumefaciens with this plasmid; Inoculate a
culture of strawberry plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Select
plant cells that have taken up the ice gene.
Insert the ice gene into the T-DNA region of the Agrobacterium
tumefaciens chromosome; Inoculate a culture of strawberry plant cells
with Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Select plant cells that have taken up
the ice gene.
O Insert the ice gene into a Ti transposon; Introduce the transposon
into Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid: Inoculate a culture of
strawberry plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Select plant cells
that have taken up the ice gene.
Insert the ice gene into a Ti bacteriophage; transduce Agrobacterium
tumefaciens with this…
Chapter 22 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 22.1 - 1. Which of the following uses of microorganisms...Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.1 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 22.2 - When a cloned gene is inserted into a noncritical...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 22.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 22.4 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.5 - A means of introducing a cloned gene into cells...
Ch. 22.5 - 2. Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 22 - 1. What is a recombinant microorganism? Discuss...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 22 - 3. What is bioremediation? What is the difference...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 22 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 22 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 22 - 7. What is a transgenic organism? Describe three...Ch. 22 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 22 - Explain the difference between gene modification...Ch. 22 - As described inChapter 5, not all inherited traits...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 22 - 12. Discuss the concerns that some people have...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1EQCh. 22 - 2. Bacillus thuringiensis makes toxins that kill...Ch. 22 - Prob. 3EQCh. 22 - Prob. 4EQCh. 22 - Prob. 5EQCh. 22 - What is a gene knockout? Is an animal or plant...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7EQCh. 22 - Evidence [see P. G. Shiels, A. J. Kind, K. H....Ch. 22 - Prob. 9EQCh. 22 - 10. What is reproductive cloning? Are identical...Ch. 22 - Researchers have identified a gene in humans that...Ch. 22 - Treatment of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency...Ch. 22 - Several research studies are under way that...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1QSDCCh. 22 - 2. A commercially available strain of P....Ch. 22 - Prob. 3QSDC
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Remember that although there are many interesting ideas about genetic engineering of plants and animals, this is specifically about GE bacteria. Please be sure you are answering the following questions: 1) What is the species that was modified, and what species did the introduced genes come from? 2) What is the purpose of the genetic engineering? What were people hoping to accomplish? 3) What are the benefits (or potential benefits) of the engineered bacterium? 4) What are the risks (or potential risks) of the engineered bacterium?arrow_forwardWhat makes the species of Agrobacterium ideal for genetic engineering? Describe its characteristics and its role in producing transgenic plants.arrow_forwardYour supervisor asked you to insert a specific stress-tolerant gene into a tissue cultured plant batch. What can be your possible approach? You may only give a flow chart to show your process.arrow_forward
- Insert a specific stress-tolerant gene into a tissue cultured plant batch. What can be your possible approach? You may only give a flow chart to show your process.arrow_forwardRecombinant bacteria can produce hormones that are normally produced in humans. Briefly describe how this is accomplished.arrow_forwardThe modifiedplasmid is reintroduced back into Rhizobium(step 4) and the genetically transformed bacteria are then selected based on the amp and lacZgenes present within the plasmid. The plasmid may or may not integrate the BBW resistancegene. The treated bacteria may or may not take up the modified plasmid. a) Complete the table below with a yes or no in each space stating whether you would expect these bacteria to grow or not. Type of treated bacteria culture plate(no amp) Culture plate treated with ampicillin Plasmid not taken up Plasmid taken up (WithoutBBW resistancegene) Plasmid taken up (WithBBW resistancegene) B) Outline how the genetically transformed bacteria containing the BBW resistance gene can beselected based on the amp and lacZgenes present within the plasmid.arrow_forward
- Besides using vector-based methods to transform crop plants, elaborate on THREE (3) other methods to introduce gene of interest into plant cells for the production of transgenic crops.arrow_forwardThe Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine is one of the vaccines currently being rolled out for mass vaccination in South Africa to protect the population against SARS CoV-2, and the active compound in this vaccine is an mRNA molecule. a) The starting material for productio of this vaccine is a copy of the coronavirus spike protein gene cloned into a ppasmid. List the main experimental steps in the vaccine production process, to go from a plamid to an mRNA molecule. b) Which molecular processes in the cell will allow an injected strand of mRNA to produce anti-Covid immunity in the vaccine recipient?arrow_forwardA hypothetical gene for cephalosporin resistance is found to be carried by a transposon. Explain what a transposon is. Then explain how the cephalosporin resistance could be horizontally transferred between organisms by transformation, conjugation, and transduction. What steps/events would have to occur to allow the transposon to be transferred by each method. Also, explain how it could be transferred vertically between organisms.arrow_forward
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterium that infects a wide range of broad-leaved plants. During infection, a plasmid called Ti is transferred into the plant cells, where that plasmid DNA is integrated into the plant’s genome. Some of the genes encoded by this plasmid are expressed by host cell machinery in the plant cell. These gene products produce plant hormones which stimulate cell division in the infected cells, causing the development of a plant tumor which provides an environment for that bacterium to grow. You are studying a novel isolate of A. tumefaciens and want to determine which of the genes on the Ti plasmid are expressed in the bacterium, and which are expressed in the plant. You start by sequencing the Ti plasmid. a) Considering the DNA sequence of Ti, describe two specific genetic features that would help you to differentiate whether a given gene is likely expressed in the plant or bacterium. b) You collect plant tumor tissue, containing both bacterial and plant…arrow_forwardA research group is studying a bacterium X that binds to mucosal cells in the lung and invades. Wildtype X has an LD50 value of 10 bacteria when administered to mice by inhalation. Using transposon mutagenesis, the researchers have isolated two mutants of X that they call Xmut1 and Xmut2, both of which have LD50 values of 105 when inhaled by mice. However, in tissue culture cells, Xmut1 can invade the cells just as well as wild-type X, while Xmut2 cannot. Provide a possible explanation for these results.arrow_forwardBacteria can be used to produce human growth hormone (HGH - a peptide/protein) through genetic engineering. The human gene for HGH is inserted into a plasmid, which is then taken up by a bacterial cell, which divides and multiplies into a clone of cells, all of which contain the plasmid with the HGH gene. The bacteria express the HGH gene, producing HGH which can be harvested and used for treatment of humans. (See figure below) Which of the following statements is NOT true about this process? bacterium Vector, such as a DNA containing the gene of plasmid, isolated it from a different species is Gene encoding protein for pest resistance is inserted into plant cells ©2019 Pearson Education, Inc chromosome recombinant DNA (plasmid) transformed bacterium Create and harvest copies of a gene with either of two goals in mind. Gene encoding degradative enzyme to clean up toxdo waste is inserted into bacterial cells ved by an enzyme into gene of interest The desired gene is selected and…arrow_forward
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